View source for 5ino


==Human Tdp2 reaction product (5'-phosphorylated DNA)-Mg2+ complex==
<StructureSection load='5ino' size='340' side='right' caption='[[5ino]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.21&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5ino]] is a 4 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5INO OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5INO FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[5inq|5inq]], [[5inn|5inn]], [[5inm|5inm]], [[5inl|5inl]], [[5ink|5ink]], [[5inp|5inp]]</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5ino FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5ino OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5ino PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5ino RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5ino PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TYDP2_HUMAN TYDP2_HUMAN]] Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia-epilepsy-intellectual disability syndrome due to TUD deficiency.  
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TYDP2_HUMAN TYDP2_HUMAN]] DNA repair enzyme that can remove a variety of covalent adducts from DNA through hydrolysis of a 5'-phosphodiester bond, giving rise to DNA with a free 5' phosphate. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of dead-end complexes between DNA and the topoisomerase 2 (TOP2) active site tyrosine residue. Hydrolyzes 5'-phosphoglycolates on protruding 5' ends on DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) due to DNA damage by radiation and free radicals. The 5'-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase activity can enable the repair of TOP2-induced DSBs without the need for nuclease activity, creating a 'clean' DSB with 5'-phosphate termini that are ready for ligation. Has preference for single-stranded DNA or duplex DNA with a 4 base pair overhang as substrate. Has also 3'-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase activity, but less efficiently and much slower than TDP1. Constitutes the major if not only 5'-tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase in cells. Also acts as a 5'-tyrosyl-RNA phosphodiesterase following picornavirus infection: its activity is hijacked by picornavirus and acts by specifically cleaving the protein-RNA covalent linkage generated during the viral genomic RNA replication steps of a picornavirus infection, without impairing the integrity of viral RNA. Also acts as an adapter by participating in the specific activation of MAP3K7/TAK1 in response to TGF-beta: associates with components of the TGF-beta receptor-TRAF6-TAK1 signaling module and promotes their ubiquitination dependent complex formation. Involved in non-canonical TGF-beta induced signaling routes. May also act as a negative regulator of ETS1 and may inhibit NF-kappa-B activation. Acts as a regulator of ribosome biogenesis following stress.<ref>PMID:19794497</ref> <ref>PMID:21030584</ref> <ref>PMID:21921940</ref> <ref>PMID:21980489</ref> <ref>PMID:22405347</ref> <ref>PMID:22822062</ref> <ref>PMID:22908287</ref>  
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Mammalian Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (Tdp2) reverses Topoisomerase 2 (Top2) DNA-protein crosslinks triggered by Top2 engagement of DNA damage or poisoning by anticancer drugs. Tdp2 deficiencies are linked to neurological disease and cellular sensitivity to Top2 poisons. Herein, we report X-ray crystal structures of ligand-free Tdp2 and Tdp2-DNA complexes with alkylated and abasic DNA that unveil a dynamic Tdp2 active site lid and deep substrate binding trench well-suited for engaging the diverse DNA damage triggers of abortive Top2 reactions. Modeling of a proposed Tdp2 reaction coordinate, combined with mutagenesis and biochemical studies support a single Mg(2+)-ion mechanism assisted by a phosphotyrosyl-arginine cation-pi interface. We further identify a Tdp2 active site SNP that ablates Tdp2 Mg(2+) binding and catalytic activity, impairs Tdp2 mediated NHEJ of tyrosine blocked termini, and renders cells sensitive to the anticancer agent etoposide. Collectively, our results provide a structural mechanism for Tdp2 engagement of heterogeneous DNA damage that causes Top2 poisoning, and indicate that evaluation of Tdp2 status may be an important personalized medicine biomarker informing on individual sensitivities to chemotherapeutic Top2 poisons.

Reversal of DNA damage induced Topoisomerase 2 DNA-protein crosslinks by Tdp2.,Schellenberg MJ, Perera L, Strom CN, Waters CA, Monian B, Appel CD, Vilas CK, Williams JG, Ramsden DA, Williams RS Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 May 5;44(8):3829-44. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkw228. Epub 2016, Apr 8. PMID:27060144<ref>PMID:27060144</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5ino" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Schellenberg, M J]]
[[Category: Williams, R S]]
[[Category: Dna repair]]
[[Category: Hydrolase-dna complex]]
[[Category: Hydrolase/dna]]