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==Human Histidine Triad Nucleotide Binding Protein 1 (hHint1) AMP catalytic product complex==
<StructureSection load='5klz' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5klz]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5klz]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5KLZ OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5KLZ FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.5&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=AMP:ADENOSINE+MONOPHOSPHATE'>AMP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5klz FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5klz OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5klz PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5klz RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5klz PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5klz ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HINT1_HUMAN HINT1_HUMAN] Hydrolyzes adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidate substrates such as AMP-morpholidate, AMP-N-alanine methyl ester, AMP-alpha-acetyl lysine methyl ester and AMP-NH2 (By similarity).
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Nucleotide analogs that incorporate a metabolically labile nucleoside phosphoramidate (a ProTide) have found utility as prodrugs. In humans, ProTides can be cleaved by human histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 (hHint1) to expose the nucleotide monophosphate. Activation by this route circumvents highly selective nucleoside kinases that limit the use of nucleosides as prodrugs. To better understand the diversity of potential substrates of hHint1, we created and studied a series of phosphoramidate nucleosides. Using a combination of enzyme kinetics, X-ray crystallography, and isothermal titration calorimetry with both wild-type and inactive mutant enzymes, we have been able to explore the energetics of substrate binding and establish a structural basis for catalytic efficiency. Diverse nucleobases are well tolerated, but portions of the ribose are needed to position substrates for catalysis. Beneficial characteristics of the amine leaving group are also revealed. Structural principles revealed by these results may be exploited to tune the rate of substrate hydrolysis to strategically alter the intracellular release of the product nucleoside monophosphate from the ProTide.

A Crystal Structure-Based Guide to the Design of Human Histidine Triad Nucleotide Binding Protein 1 (hHint1) Activated ProTides.,Maize KM, Shah R, Strom A, Kumarapperuma SC, Zhou AL, Wagner CR, Finzel BC Mol Pharm. 2017 Oct 2. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00664. PMID:28968488<ref>PMID:28968488</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5klz" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 3D structures|Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Finzel BC]]
[[Category: Maize KM]]