View source for 5l94


==The 2.25 A crystal structure of CYP109E1 from Bacillus megaterium in complex with testosterone==
<StructureSection load='5l94' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5l94]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.25&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5l94]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priestia_megaterium_DSM_319 Priestia megaterium DSM 319]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5L94 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5L94 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.25&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TES:TESTOSTERONE'>TES</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5l94 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5l94 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5l94 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5l94 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5l94 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5l94 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/D5DKI8_PRIM3 D5DKI8_PRIM3] 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are attractive enzymes for the pharmaceutical industry, in particular, for applications in steroidal drug synthesis. Here, we report a comprehensive functional and structural characterization of CYP109E1, a novel steroid-converting cytochrome P450 enzyme identified from the genome of Bacillus megaterium DSM319. In vitro and whole-cell in vivo turnover experiments, combined with binding assays, revealed that CYP109E1 is able to hydroxylate testosterone at position 16beta. Related steroids with bulky substituents at carbon C17, like corticosterone, bind to the enzyme without being converted. High-resolution X-ray structures were solved of a steroid-free form of CYP109E1 and of complexes with testosterone and corticosterone. The structural analysis revealed a highly dynamic active site at the distal side of the heme, which is wide open in the absence of steroids, can bind four ordered corticosterone molecules simultaneously, and undergoes substantial narrowing upon binding of single steroid molecules. In the crystal structures, the single bound steroids adopt unproductive binding modes coordinating the heme-iron with their C3-keto oxygen. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations suggest that the steroids may also bind in ~180 degrees reversed orientations with the C16 carbon and C17-substituents pointing toward the heme, leading to productive binding of testosterone explaining the observed regio- and stereoselectivity. The X-ray structures and MD simulations further identify several residues with important roles in steroid binding and conversion, which could be confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis. Taken together, our results provide unique insights into the CYP109E1 activity, substrate specificity, and regio/stereoselectivity. DATABASE: The atomic coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank with accession codes 5L90 (steroid-free CYP109E1), 5L91 (CYP109E1-COR4), 5L94 (CYP109E1-TES), and 5L92 (CYP109E1-COR). ENZYMES: Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase CYP109E1, EC 1.14.14.1, UniProt ID: D5DKI8, Adrenodoxin reductase EC 1.18.1.6.

Structural basis of steroid binding and oxidation by the cytochrome P450 CYP109E1 from Bacillus megaterium.,Jozwik IK, Kiss FM, Gricman L, Abdulmughni A, Brill E, Zapp J, Pleiss J, Bernhardt R, Thunnissen AW FEBS J. 2016 Sep 30. doi: 10.1111/febs.13911. PMID:27686671<ref>PMID:27686671</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5l94" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Cytochrome P450 3D structures|Cytochrome P450 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Priestia megaterium DSM 319]]
[[Category: Jozwik IK]]
[[Category: Thunnissen AMWH]]