View source for 5mph


==Structural Basis of Gene Regulation by the Grainyhead Transcription Factor Superfamily==
<StructureSection load='5mph' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5mph]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.34&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5mph]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5MPH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5MPH FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.337&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=IOD:IODIDE+ION'>IOD</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5mph FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5mph OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5mph PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5mph RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5mph PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5mph ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRHL1_HUMAN GRHL1_HUMAN] Transcription factor involved in epithelial development. Binds directly to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-AACCGGTT-3' (PubMed:12175488, PubMed:18288204). Important regulator of DSG1 in the context of hair anchorage and epidermal differentiation, participates in the maintenance of the skin barrier. There is no genetic interaction with GRHL3, no functional cooperativity due to diverse target gene selectivity during epithelia development (By similarity). Isoform 1 may function as an activator and isoform 2 as a repressor in tissues where both forms are expressed (PubMed:12175488).[UniProtKB:Q921D9]<ref>PMID:12175488</ref> <ref>PMID:18288204</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Grainyhead (Grh)/CP2 transcription factors are highly conserved in multicellular organisms as key regulators of epithelial differentiation, organ development and skin barrier formation. In addition, they have been implicated as being tumor suppressors in a variety of human cancers. Despite their physiological importance, little is known about their structure and DNA binding mode. Here, we report the first structural study of mammalian Grh/CP2 factors. Crystal structures of the DNA-binding domains of grainyhead-like (Grhl) 1 and Grhl2 reveal a closely similar conformation with immunoglobulin-like core. Both share a common fold with the tumor suppressor p53, but differ in important structural features. The Grhl1 DNA-binding domain binds duplex DNA containing the consensus recognition element in a dimeric arrangement, supporting parsimonious target-sequence selection through two conserved arginine residues. We elucidate the molecular basis of a cancer-related mutation in Grhl1 involving one of these arginines, which completely abrogates DNA binding in biochemical assays and transcriptional activation of a reporter gene in a human cell line. Thus, our studies establish the structural basis of DNA target-site recognition by Grh transcription factors and reveal how tumor-associated mutations inactivate Grhl proteins. They may serve as points of departure for the structure-based development of Grh/CP2 inhibitors for therapeutic applications.

Structural basis of gene regulation by the Grainyhead/CP2 transcription factor family.,Ming Q, Roske Y, Schuetz A, Walentin K, Ibraimi I, Schmidt-Ott KM, Heinemann U Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4. pii: 4788346. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1299. PMID:29309642<ref>PMID:29309642</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5mph" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Heinemann U]]
[[Category: Ibraimi I]]
[[Category: Ming Q]]
[[Category: Roske Y]]
[[Category: Schmidt-Ott KM]]
[[Category: Schuetz A]]
[[Category: Walentin K]]