View source for 5mrd


==Human PDK1-PKCiota Kinase Chimera in Complex with Allosteric Compound PS267 Bound to the PIF-Pocket==
<StructureSection load='5mrd' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5mrd]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.41&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5mrd]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5MRD OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5MRD FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.41&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ATP:ADENOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>ATP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DMS:DIMETHYL+SULFOXIDE'>DMS</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DTT:2,3-DIHYDROXY-1,4-DITHIOBUTANE'>DTT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=S26:ETHYL+(2~{S})-1-(6-CHLORANYL-1,3-BENZOTHIAZOL-2-YL)-4-OXIDANYL-5-OXIDANYLIDENE-2-THIOPHEN-2-YL-2~{H}-PYRROLE-3-CARBOXYLATE'>S26</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SEP:PHOSPHOSERINE'>SEP</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5mrd FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5mrd OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5mrd PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5mrd RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5mrd PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5mrd ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PDPK1_HUMAN PDPK1_HUMAN] Serine/threonine kinase which acts as a master kinase, phosphorylating and activating a subgroup of the AGC family of protein kinases. Its targets include: protein kinase B (PKB/AKT1, PKB/AKT2, PKB/AKT3), p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (RPS6KB1), p90 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (RPS6KA1, RPS6KA2 and RPS6KA3), cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PRKACA), protein kinase C (PRKCD and PRKCZ), serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase (SGK1, SGK2 and SGK3), p21-activated kinase-1 (PAK1), protein kinase PKN (PKN1 and PKN2). Plays a central role in the transduction of signals from insulin by providing the activating phosphorylation to PKB/AKT1, thus propagating the signal to downstream targets controlling cell proliferation and survival, as well as glucose and amino acid uptake and storage. Negatively regulates the TGF-beta-induced signaling by: modulating the association of SMAD3 and SMAD7 with TGF-beta receptor, phosphorylating SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4 and SMAD7, preventing the nuclear translocation of SMAD3 and SMAD4 and the translocation of SMAD7 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to TGF-beta. Activates PPARG transcriptional activity and promotes adipocyte differentiation. Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via phosphorylation of IKKB. The tyrosine phosphorylated form is crucial for the regulation of focal adhesions by angiotensin II. Controls proliferation, survival, and growth of developing pancreatic cells. Participates in the regulation of Ca(2+) entry and Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels of mast cells. Essential for the motility of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and is involved in the regulation of their chemotaxis. Plays a critical role in cardiac homeostasis by serving as a dual effector for cell survival and beta-adrenergic response. Plays an important role during thymocyte development by regulating the expression of key nutrient receptors on the surface of pre-T cells and mediating Notch-induced cell growth and proliferative responses. Provides negative feedback inhibition to toll-like receptor-mediated NF-kappa-B activation in macrophages. Isoform 3 is catalytically inactive.<ref>PMID:9094314</ref> <ref>PMID:9768361</ref> <ref>PMID:9707564</ref> <ref>PMID:9445476</ref> <ref>PMID:10480933</ref> <ref>PMID:10995762</ref> <ref>PMID:12167717</ref> <ref>PMID:14585963</ref> <ref>PMID:14604990</ref> <ref>PMID:10226025</ref> <ref>PMID:16207722</ref> <ref>PMID:16251192</ref> <ref>PMID:17327236</ref> <ref>PMID:17371830</ref> <ref>PMID:18835241</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
There is a current and pressing need for improved cancer therapies. The use of small molecule kinase inhibitors and their application in combinatorial regimens represent an approach to personalized targeted cancer therapy. A number of AGC kinases, including atypical Protein Kinase C enzymes (PKCs), are validated drug targets for cancer treatment. Most drug development programs for protein kinases focus on the development of drugs that bind at the ATP-binding site. Alternatively, allosteric drugs have great potential for the development of future innovative drugs. However, the rational development of allosteric drugs poses important challenges because the compounds not only must bind to a given site but also must stabilize forms of the protein with a desired effect at a distant site. Here we describe the development of a new class of compounds targeting a regulatory site (PIF-pocket) present in the kinase domain and provide biochemical and crystallographic data showing that these compounds allosterically inhibit the activity of atypical PKCs. PS432, a representative compound, decreased the rate of proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells more potently than aurothiomalate, an atypical PKCiota inhibitor currently under evaluation in clinical trials, and significantly reduced tumor growth without side effects in a mouse xenograft model. The druglike chemical class provides ample possibilities for the synthesis of derivative compounds, with the potential to allosterically modulate the activity of atypical PKCs and other kinases.

An Allosteric Inhibitor Scaffold Targeting the PIF-Pocket of Atypical Protein Kinase C Isoforms.,Arencibia JM, Frohner W, Krupa M, Pastor-Flores D, Merker P, Oellerich T, Neimanis S, Schmithals C, Koberle V, Suss E, Zeuzem S, Stark H, Piiper A, Odadzic D, Schulze JO, Biondi RM ACS Chem Biol. 2017 Jan 13. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00827. PMID:28045490<ref>PMID:28045490</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5mrd" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Pdk1 3D structures|Pdk1 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Arencibia JM]]
[[Category: Biondi RM]]
[[Category: Froehner W]]
[[Category: Koeberle V]]
[[Category: Krupa M]]
[[Category: Merker P]]
[[Category: Neimanis S]]
[[Category: Odadzic D]]
[[Category: Oellerich T]]
[[Category: Pastor-Flores D]]
[[Category: Piiper A]]
[[Category: Schmithals C]]
[[Category: Schulze JO]]
[[Category: Stark H]]
[[Category: Suess E]]
[[Category: Zeuzem S]]