View source for 5orx


==Crystal structure of Aurora-A kinase in complex with an allosterically binding fragment==
<StructureSection load='5orx' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5orx]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.88&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5orx]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5ORX OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5ORX FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.88&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=A6H:6-[2,6-bis(chloranyl)phenoxy]pyridin-3-amine'>A6H</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ADP:ADENOSINE-5-DIPHOSPHATE'>ADP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TPO:PHOSPHOTHREONINE'>TPO</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5orx FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5orx OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5orx PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5orx RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5orx PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5orx ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AURKA_HUMAN AURKA_HUMAN] Mitotic serine/threonine kinases that contributes to the regulation of cell cycle progression. Associates with the centrosome and the spindle microtubules during mitosis and plays a critical role in various mitotic events including the establishment of mitotic spindle, centrosome duplication, centrosome separation as well as maturation, chromosomal alignment, spindle assembly checkpoint, and cytokinesis. Required for initial activation of CDK1 at centrosomes. Phosphorylates numerous target proteins, including ARHGEF2, BORA, BRCA1, CDC25B, DLGP5, HDAC6, KIF2A, LATS2, NDEL1, PARD3, PPP1R2, PLK1, RASSF1, TACC3, p53/TP53 and TPX2. Regulates KIF2A tubulin depolymerase activity. Required for normal axon formation. Plays a role in microtubule remodeling during neurite extension. Important for microtubule formation and/or stabilization. Also acts as a key regulatory component of the p53/TP53 pathway, and particularly the checkpoint-response pathways critical for oncogenic transformation of cells, by phosphorylating and stabilizing p53/TP53. Phosphorylates its own inhibitors, the protein phosphatase type 1 (PP1) isoforms, to inhibit their activity. Necessary for proper cilia disassembly prior to mitosis.<ref>PMID:9606188</ref> <ref>PMID:11039908</ref> <ref>PMID:11551964</ref> <ref>PMID:12390251</ref> <ref>PMID:13678582</ref> <ref>PMID:14523000</ref> <ref>PMID:15147269</ref> <ref>PMID:14990569</ref> <ref>PMID:15128871</ref> <ref>PMID:14702041</ref> <ref>PMID:15987997</ref> <ref>PMID:18056443</ref> <ref>PMID:17604723</ref> <ref>PMID:17360485</ref> <ref>PMID:18615013</ref> <ref>PMID:19812038</ref> <ref>PMID:19351716</ref> <ref>PMID:19668197</ref> <ref>PMID:19357306</ref> <ref>PMID:20643351</ref> <ref>PMID:17125279</ref> 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The mitotic kinase Aurora-A and its partner protein TPX2 (Targeting Protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2) are overexpressed in cancers, and it has been proposed that they work together as an oncogenic holoenzyme. TPX2 is responsible for activating Aurora-A during mitosis, ensuring proper cell division. Disruption of the interface with TPX2 is therefore a potential target for novel anticancer drugs that exploit the increased sensitivity of cancer cells to mitotic stress. Here, we investigate the interface using coprecipitation assays and isothermal titration calorimetry to quantify the energetic contribution of individual residues of TPX2. Residues Tyr8, Tyr10, Phe16, and Trp34 of TPX2 are shown to be crucial for robust complex formation, suggesting that the interaction could be abrogated through blocking any of the three pockets on Aurora-A that complement these residues. Phosphorylation of Aurora-A on Thr288 is also necessary for high-affinity binding, and here we identify arginine residues that communicate the phosphorylation of Thr288 to the TPX2 binding site. With these findings in mind, we conducted a high-throughput X-ray crystallography-based screen of 1255 fragments against Aurora-A and identified 59 hits. Over three-quarters of these hits bound to the pockets described above, both validating our identification of hotspots and demonstrating the druggability of this protein-protein interaction. Our study exemplifies the potential of high-throughput crystallography facilities such as XChem to aid drug discovery. These results will accelerate the development of chemical inhibitors of the Aurora-A/TPX2 interaction.

Characterization of Three Druggable Hot-Spots in the Aurora-A/TPX2 Interaction Using Biochemical, Biophysical, and Fragment-Based Approaches.,McIntyre PJ, Collins PM, Vrzal L, Birchall K, Arnold LH, Mpamhanga C, Coombs PJ, Burgess SG, Richards MW, Winter A, Veverka V, Delft FV, Merritt A, Bayliss R ACS Chem Biol. 2017 Oct 30. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00537. PMID:29045126<ref>PMID:29045126</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 5orx" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Serine/threonine protein kinase 3D structures|Serine/threonine protein kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Bayliss R]]
[[Category: Collins PM]]
[[Category: McIntyre PJ]]
[[Category: Von Delft F]]