View source for 5uu1


==Crystal Structure of Human Vaccinia-related kinase 2 (VRK-2) bound to BI-D1870==
<StructureSection load='5uu1' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5uu1]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5uu1]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. This structure supersedes the now removed PDB entry [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/send-pdb?obs=1&id=5tkx 5tkx]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5UU1 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5UU1 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=7DZ:(7S)-2-[(3,5-DIFLUORO-4-HYDROXYPHENYL)AMINO]-5,7-DIMETHYL-8-(3-METHYLBUTYL)-7,8-DIHYDROPTERIDIN-6(5H)-ONE'>7DZ</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5uu1 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5uu1 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5uu1 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5uu1 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5uu1 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5uu1 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VRK2_HUMAN VRK2_HUMAN] Serine/threonine kinase that regulates several signal transduction pathways. Isoform 1 modulates the stress response to hypoxia and cytokines, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) and this is dependent on its interaction with MAPK8IP1, which assembles mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) complexes. Inhibition of signal transmission mediated by the assembly of MAPK8IP1-MAPK complexes reduces JNK phosphorylation and JUN-dependent transcription. Phosphorylates 'Thr-18' of p53/TP53, histone H3, and may also phosphorylate MAPK8IP1. Phosphorylates BANF1 and disrupts its ability to bind DNA and reduces its binding to LEM domain-containing proteins. Downregulates the transactivation of transcription induced by ERBB2, HRAS, BRAF, and MEK1. Blocks the phosphorylation of ERK in response to ERBB2 and HRAS. Can also phosphorylate the following substrates that are commonly used to establish in vitro kinase activity: casein, MBP and histone H2B, but it is not sure that this is physiologically relevant.<ref>PMID:16704422</ref> <ref>PMID:14645249</ref> <ref>PMID:16495336</ref> <ref>PMID:17709393</ref> <ref>PMID:18617507</ref> <ref>PMID:18286207</ref> <ref>PMID:20679487</ref>   Isoform 2 phosphorylates 'Thr-18' of p53/TP53, as well as histone H3. Reduces p53/TP53 ubiquitination by MDM2, promotes p53/TP53 acetylation by EP300 and thereby increases p53/TP53 stability and activity.<ref>PMID:16704422</ref> <ref>PMID:14645249</ref> <ref>PMID:16495336</ref> <ref>PMID:17709393</ref> <ref>PMID:18617507</ref> <ref>PMID:18286207</ref> <ref>PMID:20679487</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The human genome encodes two active Vaccinia-related protein kinases (VRK), VRK1 and VRK2. These proteins have been implicated in a number of cellular processes and linked to a variety of tumors. However, understanding the cellular role of VRKs and establishing their potential use as targets for therapeutic intervention has been limited by the lack of tool compounds that can specifically modulate the activity of these kinases in cells. Here we identified BI-D1870, a dihydropteridine inhibitor of RSK kinases, as a promising starting point for the development of chemical probes targeting the active VRKs. We solved co-crystal structures of both VRK1 and VRK2 bound to BI-D1870 and of VRK1 bound to two broad-spectrum inhibitors. These structures revealed that both VRKs can adopt a P-loop folded conformation, which is stabilized by different mechanisms on each protein. Based on these structures, we suggest modifications to the dihydropteridine scaffold that can be explored to produce potent and specific inhibitors towards VRK1 and VRK2.

Structural characterization of human Vaccinia-Related Kinases (VRK) bound to small-molecule inhibitors identifies different P-loop conformations.,Counago RM, Allerston CK, Savitsky P, Azevedo H, Godoi PH, Wells CI, Mascarello A, de Souza Gama FH, Massirer KB, Zuercher WJ, Guimaraes CRW, Gileadi O Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 8;7(1):7501. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07755-y. PMID:28790404<ref>PMID:28790404</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5uu1" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Serine/threonine protein kinase 3D structures|Serine/threonine protein kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Arruda P]]
[[Category: Bountra C]]
[[Category: Counago RM]]
[[Category: Edwards AM]]
[[Category: Gileadi O]]