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==Corynebacterium glutamicum Full length Homoserine kinase==
<StructureSection load='5wat' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5wat]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.14&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5wat]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corynebacterium_glutamicum Corynebacterium glutamicum]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5WAT OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5WAT FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.141&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=P6G:HEXAETHYLENE+GLYCOL'>P6G</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:PHOSPHATE+ION'>PO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5wat FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5wat OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5wat PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5wat RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5wat PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5wat ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KHSE_CORGL KHSE_CORGL] Catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of L-homoserine to L-homoserine phosphate.
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
l-Threonine is an important supplement in the food industry. It is currently produced through fermentation of Escherichia coli but requires additional purification steps to remove E. coli endotoxin. To avoid these steps, it is desirable to use Corynebacterium glutamicum, a microorganism generally regarded as safe. Engineering of C. glutamicum to increase production of l-threonine has mainly focused on gene regulation as well as l-threonine export or carbon flux depletion. In this study, we focus on the negative feedback inhibition produced by l-threonine on the enzyme homoserine kinase (ThrB). Although l-threonine binds to allosteric sites of aspartate kinase (LysC) and homoserine dehydrogenase (Hom), serving as a noncompetitive inhibitor, it acts as a competitive inhibitor on ThrB. This is problematic when attempting to engineer enzymes that are nonresponsive to increasing cellular concentrations of l-threonine. Using primary structure alignment as well as analysis of the Methanocaldococcus jannaschii ThrB (MjaThrB) active site in complex with l-threonine (inhibitor of ThrB) and l-homoserine (substrate of ThrB), a conserved active-site alanine residue (A20) in C. glutamicum ThrB (CglThrB) was predicted to be important for differential interactions with l-threonine and l-homoserine. Through site-directed mutagenesis, we show that one variant of C. glutamicum ThrB, CglThrB-A20G, retains wild-type enzymatic activity, with dramatically decreased feedback inhibition by l-threonine. Additionally, by solving the first Corynebacterium X-ray crystal structure of homoserine kinase, we can confirm that the changes in l-threonine affinity to the CglThrB-A20G active site derive from loss of van der Waals interactions.

Reduction of Feedback Inhibition in Homoserine Kinase (ThrB) of Corynebacterium glutamicum Enhances l-Threonine Biosynthesis.,Petit C, Kim Y, Lee SK, Brown J, Larsen E, Ronning DR, Suh JW, Kang CM ACS Omega. 2018 Jan 31;3(1):1178-1186. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01597. Epub 2018, Jan 29. PMID:30023797<ref>PMID:30023797</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5wat" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Corynebacterium glutamicum]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Petit C]]
[[Category: Ronning DR]]