View source for 5xfw


==Crystal structures of FMN-free form of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase from Trypanosoma brucei==
<StructureSection load='5xfw' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5xfw]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.60&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5xfw]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trypanosoma_brucei_brucei_TREU927 Trypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5XFW OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5XFW FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.6&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MLI:MALONATE+ION'>MLI</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5xfw FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5xfw OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5xfw PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5xfw RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5xfw PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5xfw ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYRD_TRYB2 PYRD_TRYB2] Catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotate with fumarate as the electron acceptor. Molecular oxygen can replace fumarate in vitro.
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a flavin-binding enzyme essential for pyrimidine biosynthesis, which converts dihydroorotate to orotate. Three-dimensional structures of cytosolic DHODH of parasitic protozoa are of interest in drug discovery for neglected tropical diseases, especially because these enzymes possess significantly different structural and functional properties from the membrane-associated human enzyme. The existing crystal structures of the flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-bound DHODHs reveal a number of interactions stabilizing FMN. However, to understand the binding mechanism correctly, it is necessary to compare the structures of the FMN-bound and FMN-free forms, because the protein moiety of the former is not necessarily the same as the latter. Here, we prepared the FMN-free DHODH of Trypanosoma brucei using an Escherichia coli overexpression system. Although this apoform lacks enzymatic activity, simple incubation with FMN activated the enzyme. It was stable enough to be crystallized, enabling us to determine its structure by X-ray crystallography at 1.6 A resolution. We also determined the FMN-bound form at 1.8 A resolution. Although the two structures have essentially the same scaffold, we observed flipping of a peptide-bond plane in the vicinity of the FMN-binding site, accompanied by an alternative hydrogen-bonding pattern. Comparisons of B factors of the protein main chain revealed that binding of FMN decreased flexibility of most of the residues at the FMN-binding site, but increased flexibility of a lid-like loop structure over the active center. This increase was ascribed to a conformational change in an FMN-contacting residue, Asn195, which induced a rearrangement of a hydrogen-bond network of the residues comprising the lid.

Crystal structures of FMN-bound and FMN-free forms of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase from Trypanosoma brucei.,Kubota T, Tani O, Yamaguchi T, Namatame I, Sakashita H, Furukawa K, Yamasaki K FEBS Open Bio. 2018 Mar 6;8(4):680-691. doi: 10.1002/2211-5463.12403. eCollection, 2018 Apr. PMID:29632820<ref>PMID:29632820</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 5xfw" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase 3D structures|Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Trypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927]]
[[Category: Furukawa K]]
[[Category: Kubota T]]
[[Category: Namatame I]]
[[Category: Sakashita H]]
[[Category: Tani O]]
[[Category: Yamaguchi T]]
[[Category: Yamasaki K]]