View source for 6eu9


==Crystal structure of Platynereis dumerilii RAR ligand-binding domain in complex with all-trans retinoic acid==
<StructureSection load='6eu9' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6eu9]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.69&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6eu9]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platynereis_dumerilii Platynereis dumerilii]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6EU9 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6EU9 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.69&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=REA:RETINOIC+ACID'>REA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6eu9 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6eu9 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6eu9 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6eu9 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6eu9 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6eu9 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A384E144_PLADU A0A384E144_PLADU] 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Retinoic acid (RA) is an important intercellular signaling molecule in vertebrate development, with a well-established role in the regulation of hox genes during hindbrain patterning and in neurogenesis. However, the evolutionary origin of the RA signaling pathway remains elusive. To elucidate the evolution of the RA signaling system, we characterized RA metabolism and signaling in the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii, a powerful model for evolution, development, and neurobiology. Binding assays and crystal structure analyses show that the annelid retinoic acid receptor (RAR) binds RA and activates transcription just as vertebrate RARs, yet with a different ligand-binding pocket and lower binding affinity, suggesting a permissive rather than instructive role of RA signaling. RAR knockdown and RA treatment of swimming annelid larvae further reveal that the RA signal is locally received in the medial neuroectoderm, where it controls neurogenesis and axon outgrowth, whereas the spatial colinear hox gene expression in the neuroectoderm remains unaffected. These findings suggest that one early role of the new RAR in bilaterian evolution was to control the spatially restricted onset of motor and interneuron differentiation in the developing ventral nerve cord and to indicate that the regulation of hox-controlled anterior-posterior patterning arose only at the base of the chordates, concomitant with a high-affinity RAR needed for the interpretation of a complex RA gradient.

The ancestral retinoic acid receptor was a low-affinity sensor triggering neuronal differentiation.,Handberg-Thorsager M, Gutierrez-Mazariegos J, Arold ST, Kumar Nadendla E, Bertucci PY, Germain P, Tomancak P, Pierzchalski K, Jones JW, Albalat R, Kane MA, Bourguet W, Laudet V, Arendt D, Schubert M Sci Adv. 2018 Feb 21;4(2):eaao1261. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aao1261. eCollection 2018, Feb. PMID:29492455<ref>PMID:29492455</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 6eu9" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Retinoic acid receptor 3D structures|Retinoic acid receptor 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Platynereis dumerilii]]
[[Category: Albalat R]]
[[Category: Arendt D]]
[[Category: Arold ST]]
[[Category: Bertucci PY]]
[[Category: Bourguet W]]
[[Category: Germain P]]
[[Category: Gutierrez-Mazariegos J]]
[[Category: Handberg-Thorsager M]]
[[Category: Jones JW]]
[[Category: Kane MA]]
[[Category: Laudet V]]
[[Category: Nadendla EK]]
[[Category: Pierzchalski K]]
[[Category: Schubert M]]
[[Category: Tomancak P]]