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==StoD is a novel Salmonella Typhi type III secretion system E3 ubiquitin ligase effector==
<StructureSection load='6iai' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6iai]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.54&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6iai]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"bacillus_typhi"_schroeter_1886 "bacillus typhi" schroeter 1886]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6IAI OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6IAI FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">STY1076, STY1076, t1865, NCTC8385_01041 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=90370 "Bacillus typhi" Schroeter 1886])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6iai FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6iai OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6iai PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6iai RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6iai PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6iai ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Salmonella enterica (e.g., serovars Typhi and Typhimurium) relies on translocation of effectors via type III secretion systems (T3SS). Specialization of typhoidal serovars is thought to be mediated via pseudogenesis. Here, we show that the Salmonella Typhi STY1076/t1865 protein, named StoD, a homologue of the enteropathogenic Escherichia coli/enterohemorrhagic E. coli/Citrobacter rodentium NleG, is a T3SS effector. The StoD C terminus (StoD-C) is a U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase, capable of autoubiquitination in the presence of multiple E2s. The crystal structure of the StoD N terminus (StoD-N) at 2.5 A resolution revealed a ubiquitin-like fold. In HeLa cells expressing StoD, ubiquitin is redistributed into puncta that colocalize with StoD. Binding assays showed that StoD-N and StoD-C bind the same exposed surface of the beta-sheet of ubiquitin, suggesting that StoD could simultaneously interact with two ubiquitin molecules. Consistently, StoD interacted with both K63- (KD = 5.6 +/- 1 muM) and K48-linked diubiquitin (KD = 15 +/- 4 muM). Accordingly, we report the first S. Typhi-specific T3SS effector. We suggest that StoD recognizes and ubiquitinates pre-ubiquitinated targets, thus subverting intracellular signaling by functioning as an E4 enzyme.

The S. Typhi effector StoD is an E3/E4 ubiquitin ligase which binds K48- and K63-linked diubiquitin.,McDowell MA, Byrne AM, Mylona E, Johnson R, Sagfors A, Crepin VF, Lea S, Frankel G Life Sci Alliance. 2019 May 29;2(3). pii: 2/3/e201800272. doi:, 10.26508/lsa.201800272. Print 2019 Jun. PMID:31142637<ref>PMID:31142637</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Bacillus typhi schroeter 1886]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Lea, S M]]
[[Category: McDowell, M A]]
[[Category: Protein binding]]
[[Category: Salmonella t3ss effector ubiquitin ligase]]