View source for 6ofl


==Crystal structure of green fluorescent protein (GFP); S65T, Y66(3-ClY); ih circular permutant (50-51)==
<StructureSection load='6ofl' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6ofl]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.25&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6ofl]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aequorea_victoria Aequorea victoria]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6OFL OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6OFL FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.25&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=4NT:[(4Z)-2-[(1R,2R)-1-AMINO-2-HYDROXYPROPYL]-4-(3-CHLORO-4-HYDROXYBENZYLIDENE)-5-OXO-4,5-DIHYDRO-1H-IMIDAZOL-1-YL]ACETIC+ACID'>4NT</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6ofl FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6ofl OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6ofl PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6ofl RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6ofl PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6ofl ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GFP_AEQVI GFP_AEQVI] Energy-transfer acceptor. Its role is to transduce the blue chemiluminescence of the protein aequorin into green fluorescent light by energy transfer. Fluoresces in vivo upon receiving energy from the Ca(2+)-activated photoprotein aequorin.
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) have become indispensable imaging and optogenetic tools. Their absorption and emission properties can be optimized for specific applications. Currently, no unified framework exists to comprehensively describe these photophysical properties, namely the absorption maxima, emission maxima, Stokes shifts, vibronic progressions, extinction coefficients, Stark tuning rates, and spontaneous emission rates, especially one that includes the effects of the protein environment. In this work, we study the correlations among these properties from systematically tuned GFP environmental mutants and chromophore variants. Correlation plots reveal monotonic trends, suggesting that all these properties are governed by one underlying factor dependent on the chromophore's environment. By treating the anionic GFP chromophore as a mixed-valence compound existing as a superposition of two resonance forms, we argue that this underlying factor is defined as the difference in energy between the two forms, or the driving force, which is tuned by the environment. We then introduce a Marcus-Hush model with the bond length alternation vibrational mode, treating the GFP absorption band as an intervalence charge transfer band. This model explains all of the observed strong correlations among photophysical properties; related subtopics are extensively discussed in the Supporting Information. Finally, we demonstrate the model's predictive power by utilizing the additivity of the driving force. The model described here elucidates the role of the protein environment in modulating the photophysical properties of the chromophore, providing insights and limitations for designing new GFPs with desired phenotypes. We argue that this model should also be generally applicable to both biological and nonbiological polymethine dyes.

Unified Model for Photophysical and Electro-Optical Properties of Green Fluorescent Proteins.,Lin CY, Romei MG, Oltrogge LM, Mathews II, Boxer SG J Am Chem Soc. 2019 Sep 25;141(38):15250-15265. doi: 10.1021/jacs.9b07152. Epub, 2019 Sep 11. PMID:31450887<ref>PMID:31450887</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 6ofl" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Green Fluorescent Protein 3D structures|Green Fluorescent Protein 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Aequorea victoria]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Boxer SG]]
[[Category: Lin C-Y]]
[[Category: Mathews II]]
[[Category: Romei MG]]