View source for 6qvu


==CryoEM structure of the human ClC-1 chloride channel, low pH==
<SX load='6qvu' size='340' side='right' viewer='molstar' caption='[[6qvu]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 4.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6qvu]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6QVU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6QVU FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">CLCN1, CLC1 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6qvu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6qvu OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6qvu PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6qvu RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6qvu PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6qvu ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CLCN1_HUMAN CLCN1_HUMAN]] Thomsen and Becker disease. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.  The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. 
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CLCN1_HUMAN CLCN1_HUMAN]] Voltage-gated chloride channel. Chloride channels have several functions including the regulation of cell volume; membrane potential stabilization, signal transduction and transepithelial transport.<ref>PMID:12456816</ref> <ref>PMID:22521272</ref> <ref>PMID:26007199</ref> <ref>PMID:26502825</ref> <ref>PMID:26510092</ref> <ref>PMID:7951242</ref> <ref>PMID:8112288</ref> <ref>PMID:9122265</ref> <ref>PMID:9736777</ref>  
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
ClC-1 protein channels facilitate rapid passage of chloride ions across cellular membranes, thereby orchestrating skeletal muscle excitability. Malfunction of ClC-1 is associated with myotonia congenita, a disease impairing muscle relaxation. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of human ClC-1, uncovering an architecture reminiscent of that of bovine ClC-K and CLC transporters. The chloride conducting pathway exhibits distinct features, including a central glutamate residue ("fast gate") known to confer voltage-dependence (a mechanistic feature not present in ClC-K), linked to a somewhat rearranged central tyrosine and a narrower aperture of the pore toward the extracellular vestibule. These characteristics agree with the lower chloride flux of ClC-1 compared with ClC-K and enable us to propose a model for chloride passage in voltage-dependent CLC channels. Comparison of structures derived from protein studied in different experimental conditions supports the notion that pH and adenine nucleotides regulate ClC-1 through interactions between the so-called cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) domains and the intracellular vestibule ("slow gating"). The structure also provides a framework for analysis of mutations causing myotonia congenita and reveals a striking correlation between mutated residues and the phenotypic effect on voltage gating, opening avenues for rational design of therapies against ClC-1-related diseases.

Structure of the human ClC-1 chloride channel.,Wang K, Preisler SS, Zhang L, Cui Y, Missel JW, Gronberg C, Gotfryd K, Lindahl E, Andersson M, Calloe K, Egea PF, Klaerke DA, Pusch M, Pedersen PA, Zhou ZH, Gourdon P PLoS Biol. 2019 Apr 25;17(4):e3000218. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000218., eCollection 2019 Apr. PMID:31022181<ref>PMID:31022181</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
*[[Ion channels 3D structures|Ion channels 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
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[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Gourdon, P E]]
[[Category: Wang, K T]]
[[Category: Zhou, Z H]]
[[Category: Chloride channel]]
[[Category: Clc1]]
[[Category: Clcn1]]
[[Category: Membrane protein]]