View source for 6twh


==Crystal structure of the haemagglutinin mutant (Gln226Leu, Gly228Ser) from an H10N7 seal influenza virus isolated in Germany==
<StructureSection load='6twh' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6twh]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.68&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6twh]] is a 12 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_(A/harbour_seal/Germany/1/2014(H10N7)) Influenza A virus (A/harbour seal/Germany/1/2014(H10N7))]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6TWH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6TWH FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.68&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6twh FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6twh OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6twh PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6twh RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6twh PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6twh ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A0A7HR51_9INFA A0A0A7HR51_9INFA] Binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization of about two third of the virus particles through clathrin-dependent endocytosis and about one third through a clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore.[RuleBase:RU003324]
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
In 2014, an outbreak of avian A/H10N7 influenza virus occurred among seals along North-European coastal waters, significantly impacting seal populations. Here, we examine the cross-species transmission and mammalian adaptation of this influenza A virus, revealing changes in the hemagglutinin surface protein that increase stability and receptor binding. The seal A/H10N7 virus was aerosol or respiratory droplet transmissible between ferrets. Compared with avian H10 hemagglutinin, seal H10 hemagglutinin showed stronger binding to the human-type sialic acid receptor, with preferential binding to alpha2,6-linked sialic acids on long extended branches. In X-ray structures, changes in the 220-loop of the receptor-binding pocket caused similar interactions with human receptor as seen for pandemic strains. Two substitutions made seal H10 hemagglutinin more stable than avian H10 hemagglutinin and similar to human hemagglutinin. Consequently, identification of avian-origin influenza viruses across mammals appears critical to detect influenza A viruses posing a major threat to humans and other mammals.

Hemagglutinin Traits Determine Transmission of Avian A/H10N7 Influenza Virus between Mammals.,Herfst S, Zhang J, Richard M, McBride R, Lexmond P, Bestebroer TM, Spronken MIJ, de Meulder D, van den Brand JM, Rosu ME, Martin SR, Gamblin SJ, Xiong X, Peng W, Bodewes R, van der Vries E, Osterhaus ADME, Paulson JC, Skehel JJ, Fouchier RAM Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Oct 7;28(4):602-613.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.08.011. PMID:33031770<ref>PMID:33031770</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 6twh" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Hemagglutinin 3D structures|Hemagglutinin 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Gamblin S]]
[[Category: Purkiss A]]
[[Category: Skehel JJ]]
[[Category: Walker P]]
[[Category: Xiong X]]
[[Category: Zhang J]]