View source for 6xgc


==CryoEM structure of influenza hemagglutinin A/Michigan/45/2015 in complex with cyno antibody 1C4==
<StructureSection load='6xgc' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6xgc]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 4.10&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6xgc]] is a 12 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_(A/Michigan/45/2015(H1N1)) Influenza A virus (A/Michigan/45/2015(H1N1))] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaca_fascicularis Macaca fascicularis]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6XGC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6XGC FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 4.1&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6xgc FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6xgc OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6xgc PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6xgc RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6xgc PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6xgc ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A1J0CXU0_9INFA A0A1J0CXU0_9INFA] Binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization either through clathrin-dependent endocytosis or through clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072]  Binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization of about two third of the virus particles through clathrin-dependent endocytosis and about one third through a clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore.[RuleBase:RU003324]
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Seasonal influenza vaccines confer protection against specific viral strains but have restricted breadth that limits their protective efficacy. The H1 and H3 subtypes of influenza A virus cause most of the seasonal epidemics observed in humans and are the major drivers of influenza A virus-associated mortality. The consequences of pandemic spread of COVID-19 underscore the public health importance of prospective vaccine development. Here, we show that headless hemagglutinin (HA) stabilized-stem immunogens presented on ferritin nanoparticles elicit broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) responses to diverse H1 and H3 viruses in nonhuman primates (NHPs) when delivered with a squalene-based oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant, AF03. The neutralization potency and breadth of antibodies isolated from NHPs were comparable to human bnAbs and extended to mismatched heterosubtypic influenza viruses. Although NHPs lack the immunoglobulin germline VH1-69 residues associated with the most prevalent human stem-directed bnAbs, other gene families compensated to generate bnAbs. Isolation and structural analyses of vaccine-induced bnAbs revealed extensive interaction with the fusion peptide on the HA stem, which is essential for viral entry. Antibodies elicited by these headless HA stabilized-stem vaccines neutralized diverse H1 and H3 influenza viruses and shared a mode of recognition analogous to human bnAbs, suggesting that these vaccines have the potential to confer broadly protective immunity against diverse viruses responsible for seasonal and pandemic influenza infections in humans.

Broad neutralization of H1 and H3 viruses by adjuvanted influenza HA stem vaccines in nonhuman primates.,Darricarrere N, Qiu Y, Kanekiyo M, Creanga A, Gillespie RA, Moin SM, Saleh J, Sancho J, Chou TH, Zhou Y, Zhang R, Dai S, Moody A, Saunders KO, Crank MC, Mascola JR, Graham BS, Wei CJ, Nabel GJ Sci Transl Med. 2021 Mar 3;13(583):eabe5449. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe5449. PMID:33658355<ref>PMID:33658355</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
*[[Antibody 3D structures|Antibody 3D structures]]
*[[Hemagglutinin 3D structures|Hemagglutinin 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Macaca fascicularis]]
[[Category: Qiu Y]]
[[Category: Zhou Y]]