View source for 6xjn


==Human atlastin-1 (residues 1-439) bound to GDP-Mg2+ exhibits an ordered amino terminus==
<StructureSection load='6xjn' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6xjn]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6xjn]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6XJN OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6XJN FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GDP:GUANOSINE-5-DIPHOSPHATE'>GDP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6xjn FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6xjn OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6xjn PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6xjn RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6xjn PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6xjn ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ATLA1_HUMAN ATLA1_HUMAN] Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1;Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia type 3. Spastic paraplegia autosomal dominant 3 (SPG3) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/182600 182600]: A form of spastic paraplegia, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a slow, gradual, progressive weakness and spasticity of the lower limbs. Rate of progression and the severity of symptoms are quite variable. Initial symptoms may include difficulty with balance, weakness and stiffness in the legs, muscle spasms, and dragging the toes when walking. In some forms of the disorder, bladder symptoms (such as incontinence) may appear, or the weakness and stiffness may spread to other parts of the body. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.<ref>PMID:17321752</ref> <ref>PMID:11685207</ref> <ref>PMID:12112092</ref> <ref>PMID:12939451</ref> <ref>PMID:14695538</ref> <ref>PMID:15184642</ref> <ref>PMID:16533974</ref> <ref>PMID:17427918</ref> <ref>PMID:20932283</ref> <ref>PMID:20718791</ref>   Hereditary sensory neuropathy 1D (HSN1D) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/613708 613708]: A disease characterized by adult-onset distal axonal sensory neuropathy leading to mutilating ulcerations as well as hyporeflexia. Some patients may show features suggesting upper neuron involvement. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.<ref>PMID:21194679</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ATLA1_HUMAN ATLA1_HUMAN] GTPase tethering membranes through formation of trans-homooligomer and mediating homotypic fusion of endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Functions in endoplasmic reticulum tubular network biogenesis. May also regulate Golgi biogenesis. May regulate axonal development.<ref>PMID:14506257</ref> <ref>PMID:17321752</ref> <ref>PMID:18270207</ref> <ref>PMID:19665976</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Atlastin (ATL) GTPases catalyze homotypic membrane fusion of the peripheral endoplasmic reticulum (ER). GTP-hydrolysis-driven conformational changes and membrane tethering are prerequisites for proper membrane fusion. However, the molecular basis for regulation of these processes is poorly understood. Here we establish intrinsic and extrinsic modes of ATL1 regulation that involve the N-terminal hypervariable region (HVR) of ATLs. Crystal structures of ATL1 and ATL3 exhibit the HVR as a distinct, isoform-specific structural feature. Characterizing the functional role of ATL1's HVR uncovered its positive effect on membrane tethering and on ATL1's cellular function. The HVR is post-translationally regulated through phosphorylation-dependent modification. A kinase screen identified candidates that modify the HVR site specifically, corresponding to the modifications on ATL1 detected in cells. This work reveals how the HVR contributes to efficient and potentially regulated activity of ATLs, laying the foundation for the identification of cellular effectors of ATL-mediated membrane processes.

The hypervariable region of atlastin-1 is a site for intrinsic and extrinsic regulation.,Kelly CM, Byrnes LJ, Neela N, Sondermann H, O'Donnell JP J Cell Biol. 2021 Nov 1;220(11). pii: 212648. doi: 10.1083/jcb.202104128. Epub, 2021 Sep 21. PMID:34546351<ref>PMID:34546351</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 6xjn" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Atlastin 3D structures|Atlastin 3D structures]]
*[[GTP-binding protein 3D structures|GTP-binding protein 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: O'Donnell JP]]
[[Category: Sondermann H]]