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==DNA modification at 3' end of RNA primer complex with guanosine dinucleotide ligand G(5')ppp(5')G==
<StructureSection load='7kul' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7kul]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.64&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7KUL OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7KUL FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.64&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GP3:DIGUANOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>GP3</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=LCC:[(1R,3R,4R,7S)-7-HYDROXY-3-(5-METHYLCYTOSIN-1-YL)-2,5-DIOXABICYCLO[2.2.1]HEPT-1-YL]METHYL+DIHYDROGEN+PHOSPHATE'>LCC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=LCG:[(1R,3R,4R,7S)-7-HYDROXY-3-(GUANIN-9-YL)-2,5-DIOXABICYCLO[2.2.1]HEPT-1-YL]METHYL+DIHYDROGEN+PHOSPHATE'>LCG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=LKC:4-AMINO-1-[(1S,3R,4R,7S)-7-HYDROXY-1-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-2,5-DIOXABICYCLO[2.2.1]HEPT-3-YL]-5-METHYLPYRIMIDIN-2(1H)-ONE'>LKC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7kul FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7kul OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7kul PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7kul RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7kul PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7kul ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The template-directed synthesis of RNA played an important role in the transition from prebiotic chemistry to the beginnings of RNA based life, but the mechanism of RNA copying chemistry is incompletely understood. We measured the kinetics of template copying with a set of primers with modified 3'-nucleotides and determined the crystal structures of these modified nucleotides in the context of a primer/template/substrate-analog complex. pH-rate profiles and solvent isotope effects show that deprotonation of the primer 3'-hydroxyl occurs prior to the rate limiting step, the attack of the alkoxide on the activated phosphate of the incoming nucleotide. The analogs with a 3 E ribose conformation show the fastest formation of 3'-5' phosphodiester bonds. Among those derivatives, the reaction rate is strongly correlated with the electronegativity of the 2'-substituent. We interpret our results in terms of differences in steric bulk and charge distribution in the ground vs. transition states.

Structure-activity relationships in nonenzymatic template-directed RNA synthesis.,Giurgiu C, Fang Z, Aitken HRM, Kim SC, Pazienza L, Mittal S, Szostak JW Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2021 Aug 24. doi: 10.1002/anie.202109714. PMID:34428345<ref>PMID:34428345</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 7kul" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Fang Z]]
[[Category: Giurgiu C]]
[[Category: Szostak JW]]