View source for 7ric


==Griffithsin variant Y28W/Y68W/Y110W==
<StructureSection load='7ric' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7ric]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.95&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7ric]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griffithsia_sp._Q66D336 Griffithsia sp. Q66D336]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7RIC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7RIC FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.95&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7ric FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7ric OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7ric PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7ric RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7ric PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7ric ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRFIN_GRISQ GRFIN_GRISQ] 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Lectins, carbohydrate-binding proteins of nonimmune origin, bind to carbohydrates and glycan shields present on the surfaces of cells and viral spike proteins. Lectins thus hold great promise as therapeutic and diagnostic proteins, exemplified by their potent antiviral activities and the desire to engineer synthetic carbohydrate receptors based on lectin recognition principles. Here, we describe a new carbohydrate-binding architectural motif horizontal line namely, a C(3)-symmetric tyrosine-based aromatic core, present in the therapeutic lectin griffithsin (GRFT). By using structure-based amino acid substitutions, X-ray crystallography, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and HIV-1 neutralization assays, we show that this core is critical for potent (pM) antiviral activity and nanomolar binding to the glycan shield largely consisting of high mannose glycans. Crystal structures and MD simulations show that CH-pi interactions stabilize the aromatic cluster to maintain the three pseudo-symmetric carbohydrate-binding sites, nonaromatic amino acid substitutions (Tyr to Ala) abrogate antiviral activity, and increasing the aromatic CH-pi edge-to-centroid interface via a Tyr to Trp substitution yields a GRFT variant with improved potency and increased residence time of Man-9 observed in MD simulations. NMR titrations of a Tyr-to-Ala variant indicate that disruption of the aromatic prevents the intermolecular crosslinking between two equivalents of Man-9 and one carbohydrate-binding face observed in wild-type GRFT and known to be critical for picomolar potency of this lectin. This C(3)-symmetric aromatic core defines a new recognition motif for the design of carbohydrate receptors and suggests principles for engineering known lectins to have increased affinity and stability.

C(3)-Symmetric Aromatic Core of Griffithsin Is Essential for Potent Anti-HIV Activity.,Sun J, Zhao G, Bylund T, Lee M, Adibhatla S, Kwong PD, Chuang GY, Rawi R, Bewley CA ACS Chem Biol. 2022 Jun 17;17(6):1450-1459. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00990. Epub , 2022 May 10. PMID:35537058<ref>PMID:35537058</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 7ric" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Griffithsia sp. Q66D336]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Bewley CA]]
[[Category: Sun J]]
[[Category: Zhao G]]