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==NMR solution structures of the DNA minidumbbell formed by two ATTTT repeats==
<StructureSection load='7yf7' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7yf7]]' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7yf7]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7YF7 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7YF7 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7yf7 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7yf7 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7yf7 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7yf7 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7yf7 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7yf7 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Expansions of ATTTT and ATTTC pentanucleotide repeats in the human genome are recently found to be associated with at least seven neurodegenerative diseases, including spinocerebellar ataxia type 37 (SCA37) and familial adult myoclonic epilepsy (FAME) types 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7. The formation of non-B DNA structures during some biological processes is thought as a causative factor for repeat expansions. Yet, the structural basis for these pyrimidine-rich ATTTT and ATTTC repeat expansions remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the solution structures of ATTTT and ATTTC repeats using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Here, we reveal that ATTTT and ATTTC repeats can form a highly compact minidumbbell structure at the 5'-end using their first two repeats. The high-resolution structure of two ATTTT repeats was determined, showing a regular TTTTA pentaloop and a quasi TTTT/A pentaloop. Furthermore, the minidumbbell structure could escape from proofreading by the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I when it was located at five or more base pairs away from the priming site, leading to a small-scale repeat expansion. Results of this work improve our understanding of ATTTT and ATTTC repeat expansions in SCA37 and FAMEs, and provide high-resolution structural information for rational drug design.

Solution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Structures of ATTTT and ATTTC Pentanucleotide Repeats Associated with SCA37 and FAMEs.,Li J, Wan L, Wang Y, Chen Y, Lee HK, Lam SL, Guo P ACS Chem Neurosci. 2022 Dec 29. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00593. PMID:36580663<ref>PMID:36580663</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 7yf7" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Guo P]]
[[Category: Li J]]
[[Category: Wan L]]