View source for 7zi0


==Structure of human Smoothened in complex with cholesterol and SAG==
<StructureSection load='7zi0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7zi0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7zi0]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7ZI0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7ZI0 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CLR:CHOLESTEROL'>CLR</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MPG:[(Z)-OCTADEC-9-ENYL]+(2R)-2,3-BIS(OXIDANYL)PROPANOATE'>MPG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=V0S:3-chloro-N-[trans-4-(methylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-{[3-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl]methyl}-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide'>V0S</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7zi0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7zi0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7zi0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7zi0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7zi0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7zi0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/C562_ECOLX C562_ECOLX] Electron-transport protein of unknown function.[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SMO_HUMAN SMO_HUMAN] G protein-coupled receptor that probably associates with the patched protein (PTCH) to transduce the hedgehog's proteins signal. Binding of sonic hedgehog (SHH) to its receptor patched is thought to prevent normal inhibition by patched of smoothened (SMO). Required for the accumulation of KIF7 and GLI3 in the cilia.<ref>PMID:19592253</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Smoothened (SMO) transduces the Hedgehog (Hh) signal across the plasma membrane in response to accessible cholesterol. Cholesterol binds SMO at two sites: one in the extracellular cysteine-rich domain (CRD) and a second in the transmembrane domain (TMD). How these two sterol-binding sites mediate SMO activation in response to the ligand Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) remains unknown. We find that mutations in the CRD (but not the TMD) reduce the fold increase in SMO activity triggered by SHH. SHH also promotes the photocrosslinking of a sterol analog to the CRD in intact cells. In contrast, sterol binding to the TMD site boosts SMO activity regardless of SHH exposure. Mutational and computational analyses show that these sites are in allosteric communication despite being 45 angstroms apart. Hence, sterols function as both SHH-regulated orthosteric ligands at the CRD and allosteric ligands at the TMD to regulate SMO activity and Hh signaling.

Patched 1 regulates Smoothened by controlling sterol binding to its extracellular cysteine-rich domain.,Kinnebrew M, Woolley RE, Ansell TB, Byrne EFX, Frigui S, Luchetti G, Sircar R, Nachtergaele S, Mydock-McGrane L, Krishnan K, Newstead S, Sansom MSP, Covey DF, Siebold C, Rohatgi R Sci Adv. 2022 Jun 3;8(22):eabm5563. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5563. Epub 2022 Jun 3. PMID:35658032<ref>PMID:35658032</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 7zi0" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Ansell B]]
[[Category: Byrne EFX]]
[[Category: Newstead S]]
[[Category: Sansom MSP]]
[[Category: Siebold C]]
[[Category: Woolley RE]]