View source for 8eae


==Structure of Ternary Complex of cGAS with dsDNA and Bound 5-pppG(2,5)pI==
<StructureSection load='8eae' size='340' side='right'caption='[[8eae]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.56&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[8eae]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_molecule DNA molecule] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=8EAE OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8EAE FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.56&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=VLO:[[(2~{R},3~{R},4~{R},5~{R})-5-(2-azanyl-6-oxidanylidene-1~{H}-purin-9-yl)-4-[[(2~{R},3~{S},4~{R},5~{R})-3,4-bis(oxidanyl)-5-(6-oxidanylidene-1~{H}-purin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-oxidanyl-phosphoryl]oxy-3-oxidanyl-oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-oxidanyl-phosphoryl]+phosphono+hydrogen+phosphate'>VLO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8eae FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=8eae OCA], [https://pdbe.org/8eae PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=8eae RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/8eae PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=8eae ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CGAS_MOUSE CGAS_MOUSE] Nucleotidyltransferase that catalyzes formation of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) from ATP and GTP and exhibits antiviral activity. Has antiviral activity by acting as a key cytosolic DNA sensor, the presence of DNA in the cytoplasm being a danger signal that triggers the immune responses. Binds cytosolic DNA directly, leading to activation and synthesis of cGAMP, a second messenger that binds to and activates TMEM173/STING, thereby triggering type-I interferon production.
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
cGAS activates innate immune responses against cytosolic double-stranded DNA. Here, by determining crystal structures of cGAS at various reaction stages, we report a unifying catalytic mechanism. apo-cGAS assumes an array of inactive conformations and binds NTPs nonproductively. Dimerization-coupled double-stranded DNA-binding then affixes the active site into a rigid lock for productive metal*substrate binding. A web-like network of protein*NTP, intra-NTP, and inter-NTP interactions ensures the stepwise synthesis of 2'-5'/3'-5'-linked cGAMP while discriminating against noncognate NTPs and off-pathway intermediates. One divalent metal is sufficient for productive substrate binding, and capturing the second divalent metal is tightly coupled to nucleotide and linkage specificities, a process which manganese is preferred over magnesium by 100-fold. Additionally, we elucidate how mouse cGAS achieves more stringent NTP and linkage specificities than human cGAS. Together, our results reveal that an adaptable, yet precise lock-and-key-like mechanism underpins cGAS catalysis.

The structural basis for 2'-5'/3'-5'-cGAMP synthesis by cGAS.,Wu S, Gabelli SB, Sohn J Nat Commun. 2024 May 13;15(1):4012. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48365-3. PMID:38740774<ref>PMID:38740774</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 8eae" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: DNA molecule]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Mus musculus]]
[[Category: Sohn J]]
[[Category: Wu S]]