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==Crystal structure of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032 (L36S/T37K/P192S) in complex with NADP==
<StructureSection load='8hrs' size='340' side='right'caption='[[8hrs]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[8hrs]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corynebacterium_glutamicum_ATCC_13032 Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=8HRS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8HRS FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAP:NADP+NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE+PHOSPHATE'>NAP</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8hrs FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=8hrs OCA], [https://pdbe.org/8hrs PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=8hrs RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/8hrs PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=8hrs ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/G3P_CORGL G3P_CORGL] Catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) using the cofactor NAD. The first reaction step involves the formation of a hemiacetal intermediate between G3P and a cysteine residue, and this hemiacetal intermediate is then oxidized to a thioester, with concomitant reduction of NAD to NADH. The reduced NADH is then exchanged with the second NAD, and the thioester is attacked by a nucleophilic inorganic phosphate to produce BPG.[UniProtKB:P9WN83]
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Since the discovery of l-glutamate-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum, it has evolved to be an industrial workhorse. For biobased chemical production, suppling sufficient amounts of the NADPH cofactor is crucial. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a glycolytic enzyme that converts glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate and produces NADH, is a major prospective solution for the cofactor imbalance issue. In this study, we determined the crystal structure of GAPDH from C. glutamicum ATCC13032 (CgGAPDH). Based on the structural information, we generated six CgGAPDH variants, CgGAPDH(L36S), CgGAPDH(L36S/T37K), CgGAPDH(L36S/T37K/P192S), CgGAPDH(L36S/T37K/F100V/P192S), CgGAPDH(L36S/T37K/F100L/P192S), and CgGAPDH(L36S/T37K/F100I/P192S), that can produce both NADH and NAPDH. The final CgGAPDH(L36S/T37K/F100V/P192S) variant showed a 212-fold increase in enzyme activity for NADP as well as 200% and 30% increased activity for the G3P substrate under NAD and NADP cofactor conditions, respectively. In addition, crystal structures of CgGAPDH variants in complex with NAD(P) permit the elucidation of differences between wild-type CgGAPDH and variants in relation to cofactor stabilization.

Structure-Guided Protein Engineering of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase from Corynebacterium glutamicum for Dual NAD/NADP Cofactor Specificity.,Son HF, Yu H, Hong J, Lee D, Kim IK, Kim KJ J Agric Food Chem. 2023 Nov 22;71(46):17852-17859. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06176. , Epub 2023 Nov 7. PMID:37935620<ref>PMID:37935620</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Kim KJ]]
[[Category: Son HF]]