View source for 8ji8


==Crystal Structure of Prophenoloxidase PPO6 chimeric mutant (F215EASNRAIVD224 to G215DGPDSVVR223) from Aedes aegypti==
<StructureSection load='8ji8' size='340' side='right'caption='[[8ji8]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.65&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[8ji8]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedes_aegypti Aedes aegypti]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=8JI8 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8JI8 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.65&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CU:COPPER+(II)+ION'>CU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TRS:2-AMINO-2-HYDROXYMETHYL-PROPANE-1,3-DIOL'>TRS</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8ji8 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=8ji8 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/8ji8 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=8ji8 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/8ji8 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=8ji8 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q16G28_AEDAE Q16G28_AEDAE] 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Insect phenoloxidase, presented as an inactive precursor prophenoloxidase (PPO) in hemolymph, catalyzes melanin formation, which is involved in wound healing, pathogen killing, reversible oxygen collection during insect respiration, and cuticle and eggshell formation. Mosquitoes possess 9 to 16 PPO members across different genera, a number that is more than that found in other dipteran insects. However, the reasons for the redundancy of these PPOs and whether they have distinct biochemical properties and physiological functions remain unclear. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that Aedes aegypti PPO6 (Aea-PPO6) is an ortholog to PPOs in other insect species, classified as the classical insect type, while other Aea-PPOs are unique to Diptera, herein referred to as the dipteran type here. We characterized two Aea-PPO members, Aea-PPO6, the classical insect type, and Aea-PPO10, a dipteran type, which exhibit distinct substrate specificities. By resolving Aea-PPO6's crystal structure and creating a chimera protein (Aea-PPO6-cm) with Motif 1 ((217)GDGPDSVVR(225)) from Aea-PPO10, we identified the motif that determines PPO substrate specificity. In vivo, loss of Aea-PPO6 led to larval lethality, while Aea-PPO10 was involved in development, pigmentation, and immunity. Our results enhance the understanding of the functional diversification of mosquito PPOs.

The Aedes aegypti mosquito evolves two types of prophenoloxidases with diversified functions.,Zhu X, Zhang L, Jiang L, Chen H, Tang Y, Yang X, Bao P, Liao C, Li J, Vavricka CJ, Ren D, Chen Z, Guo Y, Han Q Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Jan 21;122(3):e2413131122. doi: , 10.1073/pnas.2413131122. Epub 2025 Jan 14. PMID:39808654<ref>PMID:39808654</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 8ji8" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Aedes aegypti]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Bao P]]
[[Category: Han Q]]
[[Category: Ren D]]
[[Category: Yang X]]
[[Category: Zhang L]]
[[Category: Zhu X]]