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==Cryo-EM structure of human ABC transporter ABCC2 under active turnover condition==
<StructureSection load='8jxu' size='340' side='right'caption='[[8jxu]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.55&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[8jxu]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=8JXU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8JXU FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.55&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ADP:ADENOSINE-5-DIPHOSPHATE'>ADP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ATP:ADENOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>ATP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8jxu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=8jxu OCA], [https://pdbe.org/8jxu PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=8jxu RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/8jxu PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=8jxu ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MRP2_HUMAN MRP2_HUMAN] Dubin-Johnson syndrome. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MRP2_HUMAN MRP2_HUMAN] ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that binds and hydrolyzes ATP to enable active transport of various substrates including many drugs, toxicants and endogenous compound across cell membranes. Transports a wide variety of conjugated organic anions such as sulfate-, glucuronide- and glutathione (GSH)-conjugates of endo- and xenobiotics substrates (PubMed:10220572, PubMed:10421658, PubMed:11500505, PubMed:16332456). Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of mono- and bis-glucuronidated bilirubin molecules and therefore play an important role in bilirubin detoxification (PubMed:10421658). Mediates also hepatobiliary excretion of others glucuronide conjugates such as 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid and leukotriene C4 (PubMed:11500505). Transports sulfated bile salt such as taurolithocholate sulfate (PubMed:16332456). Transports various anticancer drugs, such as anthracycline, vinca alkaloid and methotrexate and HIV-drugs such as protease inhibitors (PubMed:10220572, PubMed:11500505, PubMed:12441801). Confers resistance to several anti-cancer drugs including cisplatin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, methotrexate, etoposide and vincristine (PubMed:10220572, PubMed:11500505).<ref>PMID:10220572</ref> <ref>PMID:10421658</ref> <ref>PMID:11500505</ref> <ref>PMID:12441801</ref> <ref>PMID:16332456</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Bilirubin is mainly generated from the breakdown of heme when red blood cells reach the end of their lifespan. Accumulation of bilirubin in human body usually leads to various disorders, including jaundice and liver disease. Bilirubin is conjugated in hepatocytes and excreted to bile duct via the ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCC2, dysfunction of which would lead to Dubin-Johnson syndrome. Here we determine the structures of ABCC2 in the apo, substrate-bound and ATP/ADP-bound forms using the cryo-electron microscopy, exhibiting a full transporter with a regulatory (R) domain inserted between the two half modules. Combined with substrate-stimulated ATPase and transport activity assays, structural analysis enables us to figure out transport cycle of ABCC2 with the R domain adopting various conformations. At the rest state, the R domain binding to the translocation cavity functions as an affinity filter that allows the substrates of high affinity to be transported in priority. Upon substrate binding, the R domain is expelled from the cavity and docks to the lateral of transmembrane domain following ATP hydrolysis. Our findings provide structural insights into a transport mechanism of ABC transporters finely tuned by the R domain.

Transport mechanism of human bilirubin transporter ABCC2 tuned by the inter-module regulatory domain.,Mao YX, Chen ZP, Wang L, Wang J, Zhou CZ, Hou WT, Chen Y Nat Commun. 2024 Feb 5;15(1):1061. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-45337-5. PMID:38316776<ref>PMID:38316776</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 8jxu" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Chen YX]]
[[Category: Chen ZP]]
[[Category: Hou WT]]
[[Category: Mao YX]]
[[Category: Wang L]]
[[Category: Zhou CZ]]