View source for 8rj2


==Crystal structure of carbonic anhydrase II with N-butyl-4-chloro-2-(cyclohexylsulfanyl)-5-sulfamoylbenzamide==
<StructureSection load='8rj2' size='340' side='right'caption='[[8rj2]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.12&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[8rj2]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=8RJ2 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8RJ2 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.12&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BCN:BICINE'>BCN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DMS:DIMETHYL+SULFOXIDE'>DMS</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=YNF:~{N}-butyl-4-chloranyl-2-cyclohexylsulfanyl-5-sulfamoyl-benzamide'>YNF</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8rj2 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=8rj2 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/8rj2 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=8rj2 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/8rj2 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=8rj2 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAH2_HUMAN CAH2_HUMAN] Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/259730 259730]; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.<ref>PMID:1928091</ref> <ref>PMID:1542674</ref> <ref>PMID:8834238</ref> <ref>PMID:9143915</ref> <ref>PMID:15300855</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAH2_HUMAN CAH2_HUMAN] Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.<ref>PMID:10550681</ref> <ref>PMID:11831900</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) was among the first proteins whose X-ray crystal structure was solved to atomic resolution. CA proteins have essentially the same fold and similar active centers that differ in only several amino acids. Primary sulfonamides are well defined, strong and specific binders of CA. However, minor variations in chemical structure can significantly alter their binding properties. Over 1000 sulfonamides have been designed, synthesized and evaluated to understand the correlations between the structure and thermodynamics of their binding to the human CA isozyme family. Compound binding was determined by several binding assays: fluorescence-based thermal shift assay, stopped-flow enzyme activity inhibition assay, isothermal titration calorimetry and competition assay for enzyme expressed on cancer cell surfaces. All assays have advantages and limitations but are necessary for deeper characterization of these protein-ligand interactions. Here, the concept and importance of intrinsic binding thermodynamics is emphasized and the role of structure-thermodynamics correlations for the novel inhibitors of CA IX is discussed - an isozyme that is overexpressed in solid hypoxic tumors, and thus these inhibitors may serve as anticancer drugs. The abundant structural and thermodynamic data are assembled into the Protein-Ligand Binding Database to understand general protein-ligand recognition principles that could be used in drug discovery.

From X-ray crystallographic structure to intrinsic thermodynamics of protein-ligand binding using carbonic anhydrase isozymes as a model system.,Paketuryte-Latve V, Smirnov A, Manakova E, Baranauskiene L, Petrauskas V, Zubriene A, Matuliene J, Dudutiene V, Capkauskaite E, Zaksauskas A, Leitans J, Grazulis S, Tars K, Matulis D IUCrJ. 2024 Jul 1;11(Pt 4):556-569. doi: 10.1107/S2052252524004627. PMID:38856178<ref>PMID:38856178</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 8rj2" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Grazulis S]]
[[Category: Manakova EN]]
[[Category: Smirnov A]]