View source for 8wzj


==Human erythrocyte catalase==
<StructureSection load='8wzj' size='340' side='right'caption='[[8wzj]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.70&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[8wzj]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=8WZJ OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8WZJ FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.7&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NDP:NADPH+DIHYDRO-NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE+PHOSPHATE'>NDP</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8wzj FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=8wzj OCA], [https://pdbe.org/8wzj PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=8wzj RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/8wzj PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=8wzj ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CATA_HUMAN CATA_HUMAN] Defects in CAT are the cause of acatalasemia (ACATLAS) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/614097 614097]. A metabolic disorder characterized by absence of catalase activity in red cells and is often associated with ulcerating oral lesions.<ref>PMID:2308162</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CATA_HUMAN CATA_HUMAN] Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. Promotes growth of cells including T-cells, B-cells, myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, mastocytoma cells and normal and transformed fibroblast cells.<ref>PMID:7882369</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The formation of a vitrified thin film embedded with randomly oriented macromolecules is an essential prerequisite for cryogenic sample electron microscopy. Most commonly, this is achieved using the plunge-freeze method first described nearly 40 years ago. Although this is a robust method, the behaviour of different macromolecules shows great variation upon freezing and often needs to be optimized to obtain an isotropic, high-resolution reconstruction. For a macromolecule in such a film, the probability of encountering the air-water interface in the time between blotting and freezing and adopting preferred orientations is very high. 3D reconstruction using preferentially oriented particles often leads to anisotropic and uninterpretable maps. Currently, there are no general solutions to this prevalent issue, but several approaches largely focusing on sample preparation with the use of additives and novel grid modifications have been attempted. In this study, the effect of physical and chemical factors on the orientations of macromolecules was investigated through an analysis of selected well studied macromolecules, and important parameters that determine the behaviour of proteins on cryo-EM grids were revealed. These insights highlight the nature of the interactions that cause preferred orientations and can be utilized to systematically address orientation bias for any given macromolecule and to provide a framework to design small-molecule additives to enhance sample stability and behaviour.

Factors affecting macromolecule orientations in thin films formed in cryo-EM.,Yadav S, Vinothkumar KR Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol. 2024 Jul 1;80(Pt 7):535-550. doi: , 10.1107/S2059798324005229. Epub 2024 Jun 27. PMID:38935342<ref>PMID:38935342</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 8wzj" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Vinothkumar KR]]
[[Category: Yadav S]]