View source for 9op3


==Structure of Human ADAR2-R2D complexed with dsRNA containing 8-azaN and 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorouridine==
<StructureSection load='9op3' size='340' side='right'caption='[[9op3]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.59&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[9op3]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=9OP3 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9OP3 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.59&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=8AZ:8-AZA-NEBULARINE-5-MONOPHOSPHATE'>8AZ</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=IHP:INOSITOL+HEXAKISPHOSPHATE'>IHP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=UFT:2-DEOXY-2-FLUOROURIDINE+5-(DIHYDROGEN+PHOSPHATE)'>UFT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9op3 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=9op3 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/9op3 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=9op3 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/9op3 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=9op3 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RED1_HUMAN RED1_HUMAN] Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as A-to-I RNA editing. This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNA virus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such as microRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAs at multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include: bladder cancer-associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2 and GRIK2) and serotonin (HTR2C), GABA receptor (GABRA3) and potassium voltage-gated channel (KCNA1). Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding these proteins results in amino acid substitutions which consequently alter their functional activities. Edits GRIA2 at both the Q/R and R/G sites efficiently but converts the adenosine in hotspot1 much less efficiently. Can exert a proviral effect towards human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and enhances its replication via both an editing-dependent and editing-independent mechanism. The former involves editing of adenosines in the 5'UTR while the latter occurs via suppression of EIF2AK2/PKR activation and function. Can inhibit cell proliferation and migration and can stimulate exocytosis.<ref>PMID:18178553</ref> <ref>PMID:19908260</ref> <ref>PMID:21289159</ref> 
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Beal PA]]
[[Category: Campbell KB]]
[[Category: Fisher AJ]]
[[Category: Jiang A]]
[[Category: McKenney RJ]]
[[Category: Okada K]]
[[Category: Ouye RB]]
[[Category: Wong BL]]