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==Crystal structure of phospholipase D form Streptomyces avermitilis==
<StructureSection load='9uya' size='340' side='right'caption='[[9uya]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[9uya]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptomyces_avermitilis_MA-4680_=_NBRC_14893 Streptomyces avermitilis MA-4680 = NBRC 14893]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=9UYA OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9UYA FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FE:FE+(III)+ION'>FE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:PHOSPHATE+ION'>PO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9uya FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=9uya OCA], [https://pdbe.org/9uya PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=9uya RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/9uya PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=9uya ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Phospholipase D (PLD) catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids to generate phosphatidic acid and free head groups such as choline. Among bacterial PLD enzymes, Streptomyces chromofuscus PLD (SchPLD), a member of the alkaline phosphatase D (PhoD) superfamily, exhibits unique Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipase activity. Here, we determined the crystal structure of a PhoD-type PLD from S. avermitilis (SaPLD) at a 2.2-A resolution, which shares 86% sequence identity with SchPLD. The structure revealed the conserved Fe-Ca-Ca catalytic center characteristic of PhoD enzymes. In addition, we identified novel Ca(2+) binding sites surrounding the active site pocket. SaPLD exhibited negligible activity in the absence of Ca(2+) but showed strong activation in the presence of Ca(2+), consistent with previous observations for SchPLD. The overall structure of SaPLD lacks the C-terminal alpha-helix that covers the active site in Bacillus subtilis PhoD, resulting in an expanded hydrophobic cleft suited for bulky phospholipid substrates binding. Molecular dynamics modeling with phosphatidylcholine (PC) indicated that its two oleoyl chains fit well within this cleft, and that the choline head group is accommodated by a distinct cavity formed by Asn217, Leu346, and Asn357. This cavity geometry likely disfavors phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylserine, explaining the preference for PC substrates. These findings provide the first structural insights into the Ca(2+)-stabilized expanded active site of a PhoD-type PLD and clarify the molecular basis for its phospholipid specificity.

x-Ray Structure of Streptomyces avermitilis Phospholipase D Reveals a Ca(2+)-Stabilized Expanded Active-Site Cleft Adapted for Phospholipid Binding.,Yasutake Y, Hirata T, Nomura S, Konishi K, Yoneda K, Sakasegawa SI, Sakuraba H Proteins. 2026 Apr 30. doi: 10.1002/prot.70142. PMID:42062768<ref>PMID:42062768</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Streptomyces avermitilis MA-4680 = NBRC 14893]]
[[Category: Sakasegawa S]]
[[Category: Sakuraba H]]
[[Category: Yasutake Y]]