View source for 9z3d


==CryoEM structure of human NSUN2(C271A) with SAH cross-linked to a pre-tRNA Leu(CAA) intron==
<StructureSection load='9z3d' size='340' side='right'caption='[[9z3d]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.96&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[9z3d]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=9Z3D OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9Z3D FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.96&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=A1CZ2:5-methyl-5,6-dihydrocytidine+5-(dihydrogen+phosphate)'>A1CZ2</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SAH:S-ADENOSYL-L-HOMOCYSTEINE'>SAH</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9z3d FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=9z3d OCA], [https://pdbe.org/9z3d PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=9z3d RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/9z3d PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=9z3d ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NSUN2_HUMAN NSUN2_HUMAN] Autosomal recessive non-syndromic intellectual disability;Dubowitz syndrome. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NSUN2_HUMAN NSUN2_HUMAN] RNA cytosine C(5)-methyltransferase that methylates cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) in various RNAs, such as tRNAs, mRNAs and some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) (PubMed:17071714, PubMed:22995836, PubMed:31199786, PubMed:31358969). Involved in various processes, such as epidermal stem cell differentiation, testis differentiation and maternal to zygotic transition during early development: acts by increasing protein synthesis; cytosine C(5)-methylation promoting tRNA stability and preventing mRNA decay (PubMed:31199786). Methylates cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) at positions 34 and 48 of intron-containing tRNA(Leu)(CAA) precursors, and at positions 48, 49 and 50 of tRNA(Gly)(GCC) precursors (PubMed:17071714, PubMed:22995836, PubMed:31199786). tRNA methylation is required generation of RNA fragments derived from tRNAs (tRFs) (PubMed:31199786). Also mediates C(5)-methylation of mitochondrial tRNAs (PubMed:31276587). Catalyzes cytosine C(5)-methylation of mRNAs, leading to stabilize them and prevent mRNA decay: mRNA stabilization involves YBX1 that specifically recognizes and binds m5C-modified transcripts (PubMed:22395603, PubMed:31358969, PubMed:34556860). Cytosine C(5)-methylation of mRNAs also regulates mRNA export: methylated transcripts are specifically recognized by THOC4/ALYREF, which mediates mRNA nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling (PubMed:28418038). Also mediates cytosine C(5)-methylation of non-coding RNAs, such as vault RNAs (vtRNAs), promoting their processing into regulatory small RNAs (PubMed:23871666). Cytosine C(5)-methylation of vtRNA VTRNA1.1 promotes its processing into small-vault RNA4 (svRNA4) and regulates epidermal differentiation (PubMed:31186410). May act downstream of Myc to regulate epidermal cell growth and proliferation (By similarity). Required for proper spindle assembly and chromosome segregation, independently of its methyltransferase activity (PubMed:19596847).[UniProtKB:Q1HFZ0]<ref>PMID:17071714</ref> <ref>PMID:19596847</ref> <ref>PMID:22395603</ref> <ref>PMID:22995836</ref> <ref>PMID:23871666</ref> <ref>PMID:28418038</ref> <ref>PMID:31186410</ref> <ref>PMID:31199786</ref> <ref>PMID:31276587</ref> <ref>PMID:31358969</ref> <ref>PMID:34556860</ref> 
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Canepa J]]
[[Category: Nam Y]]
[[Category: Ruiz-Arroyo VM]]