View source for 9zpx


==CNGA1 channel open state in nanodisc cGMP-bound==
<StructureSection load='9zpx' size='340' side='right'caption='[[9zpx]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.64&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[9zpx]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=9ZPX OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9ZPX FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.64&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CLR:CHOLESTEROL'>CLR</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=K:POTASSIUM+ION'>K</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PCG:CYCLIC+GUANOSINE+MONOPHOSPHATE'>PCG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PCW:1,2-DIOLEOYL-SN-GLYCERO-3-PHOSPHOCHOLINE'>PCW</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=9zpx FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=9zpx OCA], [https://pdbe.org/9zpx PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=9zpx RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/9zpx PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=9zpx ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CNGA1_HUMAN CNGA1_HUMAN] Retinitis pigmentosa. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CNGA1_HUMAN CNGA1_HUMAN] Subunit of the rod cyclic GMP-gated cation channel, which is involved in the final stage of the phototransduction pathway. When light hits rod photoreceptors, cGMP concentrations decrease causing rapid closure of CNGA1/CNGB1 channels and, therefore, hyperpolarization of the membrane potential.[UniProtKB:Q00194]
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) is a ubiquitous signaling lipid that regulates multiple ion channels. In human cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels, including the rod photoreceptor channel, PIP2 has been reported to exert inhibitory effects, but the underlying mechanism has remained unclear. Because this inhibition lowers the apparent cGMP sensitivity of rod CNG channels, it can play a key role in controlling the light sensitivity and dynamic range of rod photoreceptors. Here we report how PIP2 modulates the function of human CNGA1 channels, the major subunit of human rod photoreceptor CNG channels. Ensemble ion flux assays with liposome-reconstituted purified CNGA1 channels demonstrated robust inhibition by PIP2 via a reduction in apparent cGMP sensitivity, and single-channel recordings revealed PIP2 reduces the channel's open probability without altering unitary conductance. To uncover the structural basis, we determined cryo-EM structures of CNGA1 in lipid nanodiscs under multiple ligand conditions. In PIP2-free conditions, closed, intermediate, and open conformations were observed, whereas in the presence of PIP2, the open state was absent. Density consistent with bound PIP2 was detected at inter-protomer grooves between the voltage-sensing and pore domains indicating that PIP2 binding stabilizes non-conductive conformations by sterically preventing C-linker elevation and outward movement of helix S6, conformational changes needed for pore dilation. Collectively, our results establish a structural mechanism for PIP2-mediated inhibition of rod CNG channels, define a mechanistic framework for phosphoinositide control of ligand-gated channels across the CNG superfamily, and provide an inhibitory allosteric binding site for future drug targeting in this channel family.

PIP2 Binding at Allosteric Site Blocks Activation in Human Rod CNG Channels.,Park T, Nimigean CM bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2025 Dec 21:2025.12.19.695557. doi: , 10.64898/2025.12.19.695557. PMID:41473327<ref>PMID:41473327</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 9zpx" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Nimigean CM]]
[[Category: Park T]]