View source for Arrestin

<StructureSection load='2wtr' size='340' side='right' caption='Bovine arrestin-2 complex with Ba+2 ions (PDB code [[2wtr]])' scene='70/706269/Cv/1'>

== Function ==

'''Arrestin''' (ARR) is a ubiquitous protein which binds to the G protein-coupled receptor after its phosphorylation.  ARR binding blocks further G protein-mediated signaling and redirects signaling to alternative non-G protein-independent pathways.  Hence, ARR are versatile adaptor molecules which can also activate signaling cascades and are involved in nuclear functions.<ref>PMID:10219246</ref>
*'''Arrestin-2''' is regulator of B-cell function<ref>PMID:28145434</ref>.
*'''Arrestin-3''' assists in activation of JNK3 <ref>PMID:37371033</ref>.
*'''Arrestin-4''' or '''cone arrestin''' binds in a cone cell th G protein kinase to desensitise opsin.
*'''S-arrestin''' binds to photo activated Rho and terminates its signaling.

== Structural highlights ==

ARR consist of 2 domains.  The N terminal domain structure is immunoglobulin-like.  The binding site of phosphorylated light-activated rhodopsin is located at the N terminal of ARR. 
*<scene name='70/706269/Cv/3'>Ba+2 ion binding sites</scene>.

== 3D Structures of arrestin ==
[[Arrestin 3D structures]]

</StructureSection>

== References ==
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