View source for Cystine

Cystine is formed by the oxidation of two proximal cysteine residues, covalently linking them in a [[disulfide bond]].

[[Image:1ogscystines.png|left|thumb|360px|<span style="font-size:1.2em;">Two cystines in human acid-beta-glucosidase (GlcCerase), the enzyme mutated in [[Treatment of Gaucher disease|Gaucher disease]], from [[1ogs]].</span>]]

<Structure load='1ogs' frame='true' align='right' size='350'
caption='Disulfide Connectivity of Human beta-glucocerebrosidase, Cys4-Cys16 and Cys18-Cys23 ([[1ogs]])' scene='User:Adriana_Kita/Sandbox_1/Gcase_disulfide_1/2'/>


==Visualization==
[[FirstGlance in Jmol]] displays all cystines (disulfide bonds) in any given protein in a clear manner. To display a protein in ''FirstGlance'' and see its disulfide bonds:
*Find a page in Proteopedia about that protein. You can use the search slot at left to search for the name of the protein, or a specific [[PDB code]].
*If the page is not titled with a PDB code, look for mention of a PDB code, and go to the page titled with that PDB code.
*Click on the link ''FirstGlance'' beneath the molecule.
*Once you see the protein in ''FirstGlance'', click on ''More Views..'', then on ''Disulfide bonds: show all''.

Eventually, you will be able to select and display disulfide bonds in Proteopedia's [[Scene Authoring Tools]] (SAT). In March, 2012, this is on the [[Wishlist#Wishlist_for_Inside_the_Molecular_Scene_Authoring_Tools_.28SAT.29|Wishlist]]. Currently, in the [[SAT]], you can select CYS, which includes both cysteine and cystine.

==Articles==
Articles in Proteopedia concerning cystine include:
*[[Disulfide Connectivity of Velaglucerase|Disulfide Connectivity of Velaglucerase, a.k.a. acid-beta-glucosidase (GlcCerase)]]
*[[Serine Proteases]]
*[[PHB synthase in Rhodobacter sphaeroides]]
*[[User:Wayne Decatur/Alter Disulfide Bonds in a Structure|Altering Disulfide Bonds in a Structure Using PyMol]]

==Cystine Categories==
To view automatically seeded "Category" indices concerning cystine, see:
*[[:Category:Cyclic cystine knot|Cyclic cystine knot]]
*[[:Category:Cystine knot superfamily|Cystine knot superfamily]]
*[[:Category:Cystine knot|Cystine knot]]
*[[:Category:Cystine stabilized alpha-beta motif |Cystine stabilized alpha-beta motif ]]
*[[:Category:Inhibitor cystine knot|Inhibitor cystine knot]]
*[[:Category:Cystine-stabilized alpha-helical motif |Cystine-stabilized alpha-helical motif ]]
*[[:Category:Cystine-knot |Cystine-knot]]
*[[:Category:Cystine-rich|Cystine-rich]]
*[[:Category:Cystine-knot growth factor|Cystine-knot growth factor]]
*[[:Category:Inhibitor cystine knot motif |Inhibitor cystine knot motif ]]
*[[:Category:Inhibitor cystine-knot|Inhibitor cystine-knot]]
*[[:Category:Cyclic cystine knot motif|Cyclic cystine knot motif]]
*[[:Category:Homodimer,cystine knot|Homodimer,cystine knot]]
*[[:Category:Inhibitory cystine knot|Inhibitory cystine knot]]
*[[:Category:Fad-cystine-oxidoreductase|Fad-cystine-oxidoreductase]]
*[[:Category:Cystine knot motif|Cystine knot motif]]

==References and Notes==
<references />

==See Also==
*[[Disulfide bond]]
*[[Metabolic Disorders ]]
*[[Selenocysteine]]

==Additional Literature==
<ref group="xtra">PMID: 17508126</ref><ref group="xtra">PMID:12792654</ref><references group="xtra"/>

==External Resources==
*[http://clavius.bc.edu/~clotelab/DiANNA/ DiANNA: a web server for disulfide connectivity prediction]
*[http://disulfind.dsi.unifi.it/ DISULFIND: Cysteines Disulfide Bonding State and Connectivity Predictor]
[[Category:Topic Page]]