Antithrombin: Difference between revisions

From Proteopedia
Jump to navigationJump to search
Michal Harel (talk | contribs)
32,831 edits
New page: '''Antithrombin''' (AT) inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation cycle. A-AT contains 4 occupied glycosylation sites and is found in blood palsma. B-AT contains only 3 occupied gly...
 
No edit summary
 
(27 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<StructureSection load='3evj' size='350' side='right' caption='Glycosylated human antithrombin III complex with heparin (in green) (PDB code [[3evj]])' scene='46/466527/Cv/1'>


'''Antithrombin''' (AT) inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation cycle.  A-AT contains 4 occupied glycosylation sites and is found in blood palsma. B-AT contains only 3 occupied glycosylation sites.  AT-I refers to the absorption of thrombin to fibrin; AT-II and heparin interfere with the interactin of thrombin and fibrinogen; AT-III inactivates thrombin in plasma; AT-IV becomes activated during blood coagulation.
== Function ==


==3D structures of antithrombin==
'''Antithrombin''' (AT) inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation cycle. AT is relatively inactive until it binds the heparan sidechains of the microvasculature.<ref>PMID:15311269</ref><br />
▪ '''α-AT''' contains 4 occupied glycosylation sites and is found in blood palsma.<br />
▪ '''β-AT''' contains only 3 occupied glycosylation sites.<br />
▪ '''AT-I''' refers to the absorption of thrombin to fibrin.<br />
▪ '''AT-II''' and heparin interfere with the interaction of thrombin and fibrinogen.<br />
▪ '''AT-III''' inactivates thrombin in plasma.  For details see [[Student Projects for UMass Chemistry 423 Spring 2012-7|Student Projects for UMass Chemistry 423 Spring 2012-7 - Antithrombin III: Devourer of Memories]].<br />
▪ '''AT-IV''' becomes activated during blood coagulation.<br />
See details for the antithrombin pentasaccharide complex in [[Molecular Playground/Antithrombin-Heparin]].


[[1att]] – AT-III – bovine
== Disease ==


[[1ant]], [[2ant]] – hAT – human
AT deficiency diseases are: Acquired AT deficiency and Inherited AT deficiency. AT deficiency is involved in thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.


[[1e05]] - ha-AT-III
== Relevance ==
AT activity is enhanced upon <scene name='46/466527/Cv/4'>binding to the anticoagulant drug heparin</scene>.


[[1e04]] – hb-AT-III
==Structural highlights==


[[1ath]], [[2znh]] – hAT-III
The binding of AT to the heparans or the heparin drug is to a core pentasaccharide. The binding induces conformational change of AT.


[[1dzg]], [[1oyh]], [[1t1f]], [[2beh]], [[2b4x]], [[2hij]] - hAT-III (mutant)
==3D structures of antithrombin==
 
[[Antithrombin 3D structures]]
===Antithrombin binary complexes===
 
[[1azx]], [[1nq9]], [[3evj]] – hAT + heparin pentasaccharide
 
[[1e03]] – ha-AT-III + heparin pentasaccharide
 
[[1dzh]] - hAT-III (mutant) + fluorescein
 
[[2gd4]] - hAT-III (mutant) + coagulation factor X
 
[[1br8]], [[1jvq]], [[1lk6]], [[1r1l]] – hAT-III + peptide
 
===Antithrombin ternary complexes===
 
[[1sr5]] - hAT-III + prothrombin + heparin heptasaccharide
 
[[1tb6]] - hAT-III (mutant) + thrombin + heparin polysaccharide


[[2b5t]] - AT-III (mutant) + thrombin (mutant) + heparin polysaccharide
</StructureSection>


[[3kcg]] - hAT-III (mutant) + coagulation factor IXa + heparin pentasaccharide
== References ==
<references/>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
Retrieved from "https://proteopedia.org/Antithrombin"