Perforin: Difference between revisions
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<Structure load='3NSJ' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='X-ray crystal structure of lymphocyte perforin (PDB code [[3nsj]])' scene='Insert optional scene name here' /> | <Structure load='3NSJ' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='X-ray crystal structure of glycosylated lymphocyte perforin complex with glycerol, Ca+2 (green), I- (purple), Cl- (green) (PDB code [[3nsj]])' scene='Insert optional scene name here' /> | ||
'''Perforin''' | '''Perforin''' | ||
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'''Cytolysis/Apoptosis''' | '''Cytolysis/Apoptosis''' | ||
'''Perforin''' is a glycoprotein that is responsible for the pore formation of target cells (T-cells) in the cell membranes. Perforin is stored in the lysosome-like secretory granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This protein is utilized by natural killer (NK) cells and CD8-positive T-cells. Perforin can also be expressed in low amounts in CD4-positive T-cells whenever classic cytotoxicity is disrupted. NK cells and T-cells use perforin molecules to create channels that allow for the transport of ions, water, small-molecule substances, and enzymes. By forming these channels, perforin causes problems with the disruptive barrier of the membranes and thus destroys the solidarity of the T-cells. This is why their function can broadly be identified as apoptosis. | '''Perforin''' is a glycoprotein that is responsible for the pore formation of target cells (T-cells) in the cell membranes. Perforin is stored in the lysosome-like secretory granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This protein is utilized by natural killer (NK) cells and CD8-positive T-cells. Perforin can also be expressed in low amounts in CD4-positive T-cells whenever classic cytotoxicity is disrupted. NK cells and T-cells use perforin molecules to create channels that allow for the transport of ions, water, small-molecule substances, and enzymes. By forming these channels, perforin causes problems with the disruptive barrier of the membranes and thus destroys the solidarity of the T-cells. This is why their function can broadly be identified as apoptosis. | ||
See also [[Cytolysin]]. | |||
== Mechanism == | == Mechanism == | ||
