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{{STRUCTURE_4eag|  PDB=4eag  |  SCENE=  }}
===Co-crystal structure of an chimeric AMPK core with ATP===
{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_22659875}}


==Function==
==Co-crystal structure of an chimeric AMPK core with ATP==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AAKG1_RAT AAKG1_RAT]] AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Gamma non-catalytic subunit mediates binding to AMP, ADP and ATP, leading to activate or inhibit AMPK: AMP-binding results in allosteric activation of alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2) both by inducing phosphorylation and preventing dephosphorylation of catalytic subunits. ADP also stimulates phosphorylation, without stimulating already phosphorylated catalytic subunit. ATP promotes dephosphorylation of catalytic subunit, rendering the AMPK enzyme inactive.<ref>PMID:17851531</ref> <ref>PMID:21399626</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AAKB1_RAT AAKB1_RAT]] Non-catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Beta non-catalytic subunit acts as a scaffold on which the AMPK complex assembles, via its C-terminus that bridges alpha (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2) and gamma subunits (PRKAG1, PRKAG2 or PRKAG3).  
<StructureSection load='4eag' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4eag]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.70&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4eag]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosophila_melanogaster Drosophila melanogaster] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattus_norvegicus Rattus norvegicus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4EAG OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4EAG FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.701&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ATP:ADENOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>ATP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TAM:TRIS(HYDROXYETHYL)AMINOMETHANE'>TAM</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4eag FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4eag OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4eag PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4eag RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4eag PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4eag ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O18645_DROME O18645_DROME]  
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric complex that is allosterically activated by AMP binding to the gamma subunit. Cocrystal structures of the mammalian AMPK core reveal occlusion of nucleotide-binding site 3 of the gamma subunit in the presence of ATP. However, site 3 is occupied in the presence of AMP. Mutagenesis studies indicate that sites 3 and 4 are important for AMPK allosteric activation.


==About this Structure==
AMP-activated protein kinase undergoes nucleotide-dependent conformational changes.,Chen L, Wang J, Zhang YY, Yan SF, Neumann D, Schlattner U, Wang ZX, Wu JW Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2012 Jun 3;19(7):716-8. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.2319. PMID:22659875<ref>PMID:22659875</ref>
[[4eag]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_rat Buffalo rat] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drome Drome]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4EAG OCA].


==Reference==
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
<ref group="xtra">PMID:022659875</ref><references group="xtra"/><references/>
</div>
[[Category: Buffalo rat]]
<div class="pdbe-citations 4eag" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
[[Category: Drome]]
 
[[Category: Chen, L.]]
==See Also==
[[Category: Neumann, D.]]
*[[AMP-activated protein kinase 3D structures|AMP-activated protein kinase 3D structures]]
[[Category: Schlattner, U.]]
== References ==
[[Category: Wang, J.]]
<references/>
[[Category: Wang, Z X.]]
__TOC__
[[Category: Wu, J W.]]
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Yan, S F.]]
[[Category: Drosophila melanogaster]]
[[Category: Zhang, Y Y.]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Ampk]]
[[Category: Rattus norvegicus]]
[[Category: Transferase]]
[[Category: Chen L]]
[[Category: Neumann D]]
[[Category: Schlattner U]]
[[Category: Wang J]]
[[Category: Wang Z-X]]
[[Category: Wu J-W]]
[[Category: Yan SF]]
[[Category: Zhang Y-Y]]
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