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| {{STRUCTURE_1wbj| PDB=1wbj | SIZE=400| SCENE=|right|CAPTION=Tryptophan synthase α subunit (grey) and β subunit (green) of the α2β2 tetramer complex with pyridoxal-phosphate, glycerol-3-phosphate and Na+ ion (purple) [[1wbj]]}}
| | <StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Tryptophan synthase α subunit (yellow, salmon) and β subunit (cyan, green) of the α2β2 tetramer complex with pyridoxal-phosphate, glycerol-3-phosphate and Na+ ion (purple) [[1wbj]]' scene='52/525189/Cv/5'> |
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| '''Tryptophan synthase''' (TrpS) is an α2β2 tetramer participating in the biosynthesis of tryptophan. TrpS α subunit catalyzes the formation of indole and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) from indole-3-glycerol phosphate (IGP). The β subunit catalyzes in a pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP) dependent reaction the formation of tryptophan (Trp) from indole and serine. The diffusion of indole from the α to the β subunit is facilitated via a hydrophobic channel connecting the subunits. TrpS is not found in animals hence it is tested as a possible drug target for tubertculosis, ocular and genital infections, cryptosporidiosis and as herbicide. | | == Function == |
| | '''Tryptophan synthase''' (TrpS) is an α2β2 tetramer participating in the biosynthesis of tryptophan (Trp)<ref>PMID:11893063</ref>. TrpS '''α subunit''' catalyzes the formation of indole and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) from indole-3-glycerol phosphate (IGP). The '''β subunit''' catalyzes in a pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP) dependent reaction the formation of tryptophan (Trp) from indole and serine. The diffusion of indole from the α to the β subunit is facilitated via a hydrophobic channel connecting the subunits. '''Dimethylallyl tryptophan synthase''' (DMTS) catalyzes the alkylation of Trp by dimethylallyl phosphate to form 4-(γ,γ-dimethylallyl)-Trp<ref>PMID:1605639</ref>. |
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| | == Relevance == |
| | TrpS is not found in animals hence it is tested as a possible drug target for tuberculosis, ocular and genital infections, cryptosporidiosis and as herbicide<ref>PMID:19430702</ref>. |
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| | == Structural highlights == |
| | The <scene name='52/525189/Cv/6'>active site</scene> of TrpS subunit α contains the catalytic residues Glu and Asp<ref>PMID:16120446</ref>. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. |
| ==3D structures of tryptophan synthase== | | ==3D structures of tryptophan synthase== |
| | [[Tryptophan synthase 3D structures]] |
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| Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
| | </StructureSection> |
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| ===TrpS α subunit===
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| [[3vnd]] - TrpS α subunit – ''Shewanella frigidimarina''<br />
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| [[3tha]] - TrpS α subunit – ''Campylobacter jejuni''<br />
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| [[3nav]] - TrpS α subunit – ''Vibrio cholerae''<br />
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| [[1geq]] - PfTrpS α subunit - ''Pyrococcus furiosus''<br />
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| [[2dzp]], [[2dzs]], [[2dzt]], [[2dzu]], [[2dzv]], [[2dzw]], [[2dzx]], [[2e09]] - PfTrpS α subunit (mutant)<br />
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| [[1rd5]] - TrpS α subunit – corn<br />
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| [[1ujp]] - TtTrpS α subunit <br />
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| [[1v7y]], [[1wq5]], [[1xc4]] - EcTrpS α subunit <br />
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| [[1xcf]] - EcTrpS α subunit (mutant)<br />
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| [[2ekc]] - TrpS α subunit – ''Aquifex aeolicus''<br />
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| ''TrpS α binary complex''
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| [[1wxj]] - TtTrpS α subunit + indole propanol phosphate<br />
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| ===TrpS β subunit===
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| [[1x1q]] - TtTrpS β subunit – ''Thermus thermophilus''<br />
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| [[2dh6]] - EcTrpS β subunit]] - ''Escherichia coli''<br />
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| [[2o2e]], [[2o2j]] - TrpS β subunit – ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''<br />
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| [[1v8z]] - PfTrpS β subunit <br />
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| [[4neg]] - TrpS β subunit – ''Bacillus anthracis''<br />
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| ''TrpS β binary complex''
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| [[2dh5]] - EcTrpS β subunit + PLP<br />
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| ===TrpS α+β subunits===
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| [[1wdw]] - PfTrpS α + β subunits <br />
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| ''TrpS α+β binary complex''
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| [[1ttp]], [[1ttq]], [[1bks]], [[2wsy]], [[1kfk]] - StTrpS α + β + PLP – ''Salmonella typhimurium''<br />
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| [[1a5a]], [[1k8x]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β + PLP<br />
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| [[1k7x]], [[2j9z]] - StTrpS α + β (mutant) + PLP<br />
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| [[2tys]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β (mutant) + Trp derivative<br />
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| [[1kfe]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β + pyridoxal-serine-monophsphate<br />
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| [[1kfj]] - StTrpS α + β + pyridoxal-serine-monophsphate<br />
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| [[2j9y]] - StTrpS α + β (mutant) + enoic acid derivative<br />
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| [[3pr2]] - StTrpS α + β + inhibitor<br />
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| [[4hn4]], [[4hpj]], [[4hpx]], [[4ht3]], [[4kkx]] - TrpS α + β + inhibitor – ''Salmonella enterica''<br />
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| ''TrpS α+β ternary complex with PLP and inhibitor''
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| [[1a50]], [[1cw2]], [[1c9d]], [[1cx9]], [[1c8v]], [[1c29]], [[2cle]], [[2clh]], [[2cli]], [[2clk]], [[2cll]], [[2clm]], [[2clo]], [[2clf]] - StTrpS α + β + inhibitor + PLP<br />
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| [[1fuy]] - StTrpS α + β (mutant) + inhibitor + PLP<br />
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| ''TrpS α+β ternary complex with PLP and IGP derivatives''
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| [[1a5b]], [[1kfb]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β + IGP + PLP<br />
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| [[1k8z]] - StTrpS α + β (mutant) + IGP derivative + PLP<br />
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| [[1kfc]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β + IGP derivative + PLP<br />
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| [[1k3u]], [[1k7e]], [[1k7f]] - StTrpS α + β + IGP derivative + PLP<br />
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| [[1qoq]], [[2rh9]], [[2rhg]] - StTrpS α + β + IGP + PLP<br />
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| [[1qop]] - StTrpS α + β + IGP analog + PLP<br />
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| [[2trs]], [[1beu]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β (mutant) + pyridoxal-serine-monophsphate + IGP analog
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| ''TrpS α+β ternary complex with PLP and G3P derivatives''
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| [[1wbj]] - StTrpS α + β + G3P + PLP<br />
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| [[2j9x]] - StTrpS α + β + G3P + acrylic acid derivative<br />
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| [[1k8y]] - StTrpS α + β (mutant) + G3P derivative + PLP<br />
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| [[1tjp]] - StTrpS α + β + G3P derivative + PLP<br />
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| [[2tsy]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β (mutant) + pyridoxal-serine-monophsphate + G3P
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| [[1ubs]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β (mutant) + serine + PLP<br />
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| ''TrpS α+β quaternary complex''
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| [[1a5s]] - StTrpS α + β + serine + inhibitor + PLP<br />
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| [[3cep]] - StTrpS α + β + G3P + indoline + PLP<br />
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| | == References == |
| | <references/> |
| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |
