Nitroreductase: Difference between revisions

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<StructureSection load='1icr' size='350' side='right' caption='E. coli nitroreductase dimer containing FMN and nicotinic acid (PDB entry [[1icr]])' scene='48/489319/Cv/1'>
<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='E. coli nitroreductase dimer containing FMN and nicotinic acid (PDB entry [[1icr]])' scene='48/489319/Cv/1'>


== Function ==
== Function ==
'''Nitroreductase''' (NR) is involved in the reduction of nitrogen-containing compounds including those containing NO<sub>2</sub> group. The NO<sub>2</sub> group is reduced to hydroxylamine<ref>PMID:11491290</ref>.  NR uses FMN as cofactor.  Among NRs are the oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H NR and NADH dehydrogenase.   
'''Nitroreductase''' or '''oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase''' (NR) is involved in the reduction of nitrogen-containing compounds including those containing NO<sub>2</sub> group. The NO<sub>2</sub> group is reduced to hydroxylamine<ref>PMID:11491290</ref>.  NR uses FMN as cofactor.  Among NRs are the oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H NR and NADH dehydrogenase.   
*'''Copper-induced nitroreductase''' protects ''Lactococcus lactis'' against oxidative stress exerted by nitroaromatic compounds and copper<ref>PMID:20562311</ref>.
*'''Nitrobenzoate nitroreductase''' metabolises 2-nitrobenzoate to form the antioxidant 3-hydroxyanthranilate in ''Pseudomonas fluorescens''<ref>PMID:17277060</ref>.
*'''Deazaflavin-dependent nitroreductase''' catalyses the reduction of nitroimidazoles into reactive nitrogen species in ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' <ref>PMID:22244759</ref>.


== Relevance ==
== Relevance ==
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== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
NR <scene name='48/489319/Cv/2'>cofactor FMN is bound directly to one subunit</scene> while the <scene name='48/489319/Cv/3'>ligand - nicotinic acid - interacts with both subunits</scene>. Water molecules shown as red spheres.
NR <scene name='48/489319/Cv/4'>cofactor FMN is bound directly to one subunit</scene> while the <scene name='48/489319/Cv/5'>ligand - nicotinic acid - interacts with both subunits</scene>. Water molecules are shown as red spheres.
 
==3D structures of nitroreductase==
[[Nitroreductase 3D structures]]
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
==3D structures of nitroreductase==
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
*Nitroreductase
**[[1f5v ]], [[1oo5]] – EcNR – ''Escherichia coli''<br />
**[[3x21]], [[3x22]] – EcNR (mutant)<br />
**[[3bm1]], [[1ds7]] – EcNR minimal<br />
**[[3bm2]] – EcNR minimal -FMN<br />
**[[1nec]], [[1kqd]] – EclNR – ''Enterobacter cloacae''<br />
**[[1ywq]], [[2i7h]] – NR – ''Bacillus cereus''<br />
**[[2b67]] – NR – ''Streptococcus pneumonia''<br />
**[[3ek3]], [[3hoi]] – NR – ''Bacterioides fragilis''<br />
**[[3g14]] – NR – ''Clostridium novyi''<br />
**[[3h4o]], [[3koq]] - NR – ''Clostridium difficile''<br />
**[[3gr3]] – NR – ''Bartonella henselae''<br />
**[[3hzn]] – NR – ''Salmonella typhimurium''<br />
**[[3k6h]] – NR – ''Agrobacterium tumefaciens''<br />
**[[2wzv]], [[2ymv]] – MsNR – ''Mycobacterium smegmatis''<br />
**[[3of4]] – NR FMN/FAD – ''Idiomarina loihiensis''<br />
**[[3n2s]] – NR – ''Bacillus subtilis''<br />
**[[3pxv]] – NR – ''Desulfitobacterium hafniense''<br />
**[[3qdl]] – NR – ''Helicobacter pylori''<br />
**[[3r5l]], [[3r5p]] - MtNR – ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''<br />
**[[3r5r]], [[3r5w]] – MtNR F420<br />
**[[3ge6]] – NR – ''Exiguobacterium sibiricum''<br />
**[[4dn2]] – NR – ''Geobacter metallireducens''<br />
**[[5ko7]], [[5ko8]], [[5krd]] – NR – ''Haliscomenobacter hydrossis''<br />
*Copper-induced nitroreductase
**[[2wqf]] – LlNR – ''Lactococcus lactis''<br />
**[[4bn6]] – LlNR + chloramphenicol<br />
**[[4bn7]], [[4bn8]] – LlNR + phenol derivative<br />
**[[4bn9]] – LlNR + nicotinic acid<br />
**[[4bnb]] – LlNR + nitroquinoline<br />
*Nitroreductase binary complex


**[[1kqb]], [[5j8g]]– EclNR + benzoate derivative<br />
**[[1kqc]] – EclNR + acetate<br />
**[[1ylr]], [[1ylu]] - EcNR + acetate<br />
**[[1icr]], [[1icu]], [[1icv]], [[5j8d]] – EcNR + NAD derivative<br />
**[[1ooq]] – EcNR + dicoumarol<br />
**[[1oo6]], [[1oon]], [[1idt]] – EcNR + benzamide derivative<br />
**[[1yki]] – EcNR + antibiotic<br />
**[[2wzw]] - MsNR + NADPH
}}
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]
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