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| == Function == | | == Function == |
| '''Nitroreductase''' or '''oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase''' (NR) is involved in the reduction of nitrogen-containing compounds including those containing NO<sub>2</sub> group. The NO<sub>2</sub> group is reduced to hydroxylamine<ref>PMID:11491290</ref>. NR uses FMN as cofactor. Among NRs are the oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H NR and NADH dehydrogenase. | | '''Nitroreductase''' or '''oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase''' (NR) is involved in the reduction of nitrogen-containing compounds including those containing NO<sub>2</sub> group. The NO<sub>2</sub> group is reduced to hydroxylamine<ref>PMID:11491290</ref>. NR uses FMN as cofactor. Among NRs are the oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H NR and NADH dehydrogenase. |
| | *'''Copper-induced nitroreductase''' protects ''Lactococcus lactis'' against oxidative stress exerted by nitroaromatic compounds and copper<ref>PMID:20562311</ref>. |
| | *'''Nitrobenzoate nitroreductase''' metabolises 2-nitrobenzoate to form the antioxidant 3-hydroxyanthranilate in ''Pseudomonas fluorescens''<ref>PMID:17277060</ref>. |
| | *'''Deazaflavin-dependent nitroreductase''' catalyses the reduction of nitroimidazoles into reactive nitrogen species in ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' <ref>PMID:22244759</ref>. |
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| == Relevance == | | == Relevance == |
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| == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| NR <scene name='48/489319/Cv/4'>cofactor FMN is bound directly to one subunit</scene> while the <scene name='48/489319/Cv/5'>ligand - nicotinic acid - interacts with both subunits</scene>. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. | | NR <scene name='48/489319/Cv/4'>cofactor FMN is bound directly to one subunit</scene> while the <scene name='48/489319/Cv/5'>ligand - nicotinic acid - interacts with both subunits</scene>. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. |
| | | ==3D structures of nitroreductase== |
| | [[Nitroreductase 3D structures]] |
| </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| ==3D structures of nitroreductase==
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| Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
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| {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
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| *Nitroreductase
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| **[[1f5v ]], [[1oo5]] – EcNR + FMN – ''Escherichia coli''<br />
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| **[[3x21]], [[3x22]] – EcNR (mutant) + FMN<br />
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| **[[3bm1]], [[1ds7]] – EcNR minimal + FMN<br />
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| **[[3bm2]] – EcNR minimal -FMN<br />
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| **[[1nec]], [[1kqd]] – EclNR + FMN – ''Enterobacter cloacae''<br />
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| **[[1ywq]], [[2i7h]] – NR + FMN – ''Bacillus cereus''<br />
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| **[[5hdj]] – NR + FMN – ''Bacillus megaterium''<br />
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| **[[2b67]] – NR + FMN – ''Streptococcus pneumonia''<br />
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| **[[3ek3]], [[3hoi]] – NR + FMN – ''Bacterioides fragilis''<br />
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| **[[3g14]] – NR – ''Clostridium novyi''<br />
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| **[[3h4o]], [[3koq]] - NR + FMN – ''Clostridium difficile''<br />
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| **[[3gr3]] – NR + FMN – ''Bartonella henselae''<br />
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| **[[3hzn]] – NR – ''Salmonella typhimurium''<br />
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| **[[3k6h]] – NR + FMN – ''Agrobacterium tumefaciens''<br />
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| **[[2wzv]], [[2ymv]] – MsNR + FMN – ''Mycobacterium smegmatis''<br />
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| **[[3of4]] – NR + FMN + FAD – ''Idiomarina loihiensis''<br />
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| **[[3n2s]] – NR + FMN – ''Bacillus subtilis''<br />
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| **[[3pxv]] – NR + FMN – ''Desulfitobacterium hafniense''<br />
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| **[[3qdl]] – NR + FMN – ''Helicobacter pylori''<br />
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| **[[3r5l]], [[3r5p]] - MtNR – ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''<br />
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| **[[3ge6]] – NR + FMN – ''Exiguobacterium sibiricum''<br />
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| **[[4dn2]] – NR + FMN – ''Geobacter metallireducens''<br />
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| **[[5ko7]], [[5ko8]], [[5krd]] – NR + FMN – ''Haliscomenobacter hydrossis''<br />
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| **[[7dp0]] – SpNR + FMN – ''Sphingopyxis''<br />
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| **[[7dp1]], [[7dp2]] – SpNR (mutant) + FMN <br />
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| **[[6czp]] – NR + FMN – ''Vibrio vulnificus''<br />
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| *Copper-induced nitroreductase
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| **[[2wqf]] – LlNR + FMN – ''Lactococcus lactis''<br />
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| **[[4bn6]] – LlNR + FMN + chloramphenicol<br />
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| **[[4bn7]], [[4bn8]] – LlNR + FMN + phenol derivative<br />
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| **[[4bn9]] – LlNR + FMN + nicotinic acid<br />
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| **[[4bnb]] – LlNR + FMN + nitroquinoline<br />
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| *Nitrobenzoate nitroreductase
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| **[[4z85]] – NR – ''Psudomonas fluorescens''<br />
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| *Nitroreductase complex
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| **[[1kqb]], [[5j8g]]– EclNR + FMN + benzoate derivative<br />
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| **[[1kqc]] – EclNR + FMN + acetate<br />
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| **[[1ylr]], [[1ylu]] - EcNR + FMN + acetate<br />
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| **[[1icr]], [[1icu]], [[1icv]], [[5j8d]] – EcNR + FMN + NAD derivative<br />
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| **[[1ooq]] – EcNR + FMN + dicoumarol<br />
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| **[[1oo6]], [[1oon]], [[1idt]] – EcNR + FMN + benzamide derivative<br />
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| **[[1yki]] – EcNR + FMN + antibiotic<br />
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| **[[7nb9]] – EcNR + FMN + nitrofurantoin<br />
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| **[[7nmp]], [[7nnx]] – EcNR + FMN + quinone derivative<br />
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| **[[7niy]] – EcNR (mutant) + FMN + imidazole<br />
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| **[[2wzw]] - MsNR + FMN + NADPH<br />
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| **[[6czp]] – NR + FMN – ''Vibrio vulnificus''<br />
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| **[[3r5r]], [[3r5w]] – MtNR F420<br />
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| }}
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| == References == | | == References == |
| <references/> | | <references/> |
| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |
