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==HIV-1 Env BG505 SOSIP.664 H72C-H564C trimer in complex with bNAbs PGT122 Fab, 35O22 Fab and NIH45-46 scFv==
==HIV-1 Env BG505 SOSIP.664 H72C-H564C trimer in complex with bNAbs PGT122 Fab, 35O22 Fab and NIH45-46 scFv==
<StructureSection load='5wdu' size='340' side='right' caption='[[5wdu]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 7.00&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='5wdu' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5wdu]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 7.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5wdu]] is a 24 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5WDU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5WDU FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5wdu]] is a 21 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_immunodeficiency_virus_1 Human immunodeficiency virus 1]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5WDU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5WDU FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BMA:BETA-D-MANNOSE'>BMA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MAN:ALPHA-D-MANNOSE'>MAN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 7&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=PCA:PYROGLUTAMIC+ACID'>PCA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BMA:BETA-D-MANNOSE'>BMA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MAN:ALPHA-D-MANNOSE'>MAN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PCA:PYROGLUTAMIC+ACID'>PCA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5wdu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5wdu OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5wdu PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5wdu RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5wdu PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5wdu ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5wdu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5wdu OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5wdu PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5wdu RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5wdu PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5wdu ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q2N0S6_9HIV1 Q2N0S6_9HIV1]] The envelope glyprotein gp160 precursor down-modulates cell surface CD4 antigen by interacting with it in the endoplasmic reticulum and blocking its transport to the cell surface (By similarity).[RuleBase:RU004292][SAAS:SAAS000328_004_020447]  The gp120-gp41 heterodimer allows rapid transcytosis of the virus through CD4 negative cells such as simple epithelial monolayers of the intestinal, rectal and endocervical epithelial barriers. Both gp120 and gp41 specifically recognize glycosphingolipids galactosyl-ceramide (GalCer) or 3' sulfo-galactosyl-ceramide (GalS) present in the lipid rafts structures of epithelial cells. Binding to these alternative receptors allows the rapid transcytosis of the virus through the epithelial cells. This transcytotic vesicle-mediated transport of virions from the apical side to the basolateral side of the epithelial cells does not involve infection of the cells themselves (By similarity).[SAAS:SAAS000328_004_240990] [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q2N0S8_9HIV1 Q2N0S8_9HIV1]] Envelope glycoprotein gp160: Oligomerizes in the host endoplasmic reticulum into predominantly trimers. In a second time, gp160 transits in the host Golgi, where glycosylation is completed. The precursor is then proteolytically cleaved in the trans-Golgi and thereby activated by cellular furin or furin-like proteases to produce gp120 and gp41.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04083]  Surface protein gp120: Attaches the virus to the host lymphoid cell by binding to the primary receptor CD4. This interaction induces a structural rearrangement creating a high affinity binding site for a chemokine coreceptor like CXCR4 and/or CCR5. Acts as a ligand for CD209/DC-SIGN and CLEC4M/DC-SIGNR, which are respectively found on dendritic cells (DCs), and on endothelial cells of liver sinusoids and lymph node sinuses. These interactions allow capture of viral particles at mucosal surfaces by these cells and subsequent transmission to permissive cells. HIV subverts the migration properties of dendritic cells to gain access to CD4+ T-cells in lymph nodes. Virus transmission to permissive T-cells occurs either in trans (without DCs infection, through viral capture and transmission), or in cis (following DCs productive infection, through the usual CD4-gp120 interaction), thereby inducing a robust infection. In trans infection, bound virions remain infectious over days and it is proposed that they are not degraded, but protected in non-lysosomal acidic organelles within the DCs close to the cell membrane thus contributing to the viral infectious potential during DCs' migration from the periphery to the lymphoid tissues. On arrival at lymphoid tissues, intact virions recycle back to DCs' cell surface allowing virus transmission to CD4+ T-cells.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04083]  Transmembrane protein gp41: Acts as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least 3 conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During fusion of viral and target intracellular membranes, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes. Complete fusion occurs in host cell endosomes and is dynamin-dependent, however some lipid transfer might occur at the plasma membrane. The virus undergoes clathrin-dependent internalization long before endosomal fusion, thus minimizing the surface exposure of conserved viral epitopes during fusion and reducing the efficacy of inhibitors targeting these epitopes. Membranes fusion leads to delivery of the nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04083]  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q2N0S6_9HIV1 Q2N0S6_9HIV1] The envelope glyprotein gp160 precursor down-modulates cell surface CD4 antigen by interacting with it in the endoplasmic reticulum and blocking its transport to the cell surface (By similarity).[RuleBase:RU004292][SAAS:SAAS000328_004_020447]  The gp120-gp41 heterodimer allows rapid transcytosis of the virus through CD4 negative cells such as simple epithelial monolayers of the intestinal, rectal and endocervical epithelial barriers. Both gp120 and gp41 specifically recognize glycosphingolipids galactosyl-ceramide (GalCer) or 3' sulfo-galactosyl-ceramide (GalS) present in the lipid rafts structures of epithelial cells. Binding to these alternative receptors allows the rapid transcytosis of the virus through the epithelial cells. This transcytotic vesicle-mediated transport of virions from the apical side to the basolateral side of the epithelial cells does not involve infection of the cells themselves (By similarity).[SAAS:SAAS000328_004_240990]
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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</div>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5wdu" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5wdu" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
==See Also==
*[[Monoclonal Antibodies 3D structures|Monoclonal Antibodies 3D structures]]
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Julien, J P]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Pena, A Torrents de la]]
[[Category: Human immunodeficiency virus 1]]
[[Category: Sanders, R W]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Wilson, I A]]
[[Category: Julien J-P]]
[[Category: Broadly neutralizing antibody]]
[[Category: Sanders RW]]
[[Category: Hiv-1 env]]
[[Category: Torrents de la Pena A]]
[[Category: Immune system]]
[[Category: Wilson IA]]
[[Category: Viral glycoprotein]]

Latest revision as of 09:33, 23 October 2024

HIV-1 Env BG505 SOSIP.664 H72C-H564C trimer in complex with bNAbs PGT122 Fab, 35O22 Fab and NIH45-46 scFv

5wdu, resolution 7.00Å

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