Complement Regulator-Acquiring Surface Protein: Difference between revisions

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== '''Introduction'''  ==
== '''Introduction'''  ==


[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease Lyme Disease] is caused by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirochaete spirochete] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_burgdorferi ''Borrelia burgdorferi''], and is transferred into vertebrate hosts by zoonotic vectors such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixodes ''Ixodes''] ticks <ref name="Bykowski">PMID: 17562769</ref>. Lyme disease can result in multisystemic disorders, including cardiovascular and neurological problems. There are thousands of cases of Lyme disease reported each year, making it a prevalent disease in North America and Eurasia <ref name="Cordes">PMID: 15711564</ref>. In order for ''B. burgdorferi'' to survive in its host, it evades the host's immune system through the use of complement regulator-acquiring surface proteins. One such protein responsible for a successful initial infection is '''Borrelia burgdorferi complement regulator-acquiring surface protein 1''', or '''BbCRASP-1''' <ref name="Bykowski">PMID: 17562769</ref>. Because BbCRASP-1 binds host complement regulators to the spirochete's outer surface, ''B. burgdorferi'' remains undetected within the host <ref name="Bykowski">PMID: 17562769</ref>. BbCRASP-1 specifically binds to complement Factor H (FH) and Factor H-like proteins (FHL-1), which are responsible for the host's immune response and detection of pathogens <ref name="Kraiczy">PMID: 14607842</ref>. Recently, it was found that BbCRASP-1 binds to several other proteins in the extra cellular matrix of a human cell, making it highly flexible and adaptive.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease Lyme Disease] is caused by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirochaete spirochete] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_burgdorferi ''Borrelia burgdorferi''], and is transferred into vertebrate hosts by zoonotic vectors such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixodes ''Ixodes''] ticks <ref name="Bykowski">PMID: 17562769</ref>. Lyme disease can result in multisystemic disorders, including cardiovascular and neurological problems. There are thousands of cases of Lyme disease reported each year, making it a prevalent disease in North America and Eurasia <ref name="Cordes">PMID: 15711564</ref>. In order for ''B. burgdorferi'' to survive in its host, it evades the host's immune system through the use of complement regulator-acquiring surface proteins. One such protein responsible for a successful initial infection is '''Borrelia burgdorferi complement regulator-acquiring surface protein 1''', or '''BbCRASP-1''' <ref name="Bykowski">PMID: 17562769</ref>. Because BbCRASP-1 binds host complement regulators to the spirochete's outer surface, ''B. burgdorferi'' remains undetected within the host <ref name="Bykowski">PMID: 17562769</ref>. BbCRASP-1 specifically binds to complement Factor H (FH) and Factor H-like proteins (FHL-1), which are responsible for the host's immune response and detection of pathogens <ref name="Kraiczy">PMID: 14607842</ref>. Recently, it was found that BbCRASP-1 binds to several other proteins in the extra cellular matrix of a human cell, making it highly flexible and adaptive.
*'''BbCRASP-2''' interacts preferentially with factor H<ref PMID: 11385611</ref>.  


*'''BbCRASP-2''' interacts preferentially with factor H<ref> PMID: 11385611</ref>.
*'''BbCRASP-3''' and  '''BbCRASP-4'''  belong to different strains of  ''Borrelia burgdorferi''<ref> PMID: 23219363</ref>.
== '''Structure''' ==
== '''Structure''' ==


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**[[4bg0]] – BbCRASP-2 residues 23-236<br />
**[[4bg0]] – BbCRASP-2 residues 23-236<br />
**[[4cbe]] – BbCRASP-2 residues 23-236<br />
**[[4cbe]] – BbCRASP-2 residues 23-236<br />
**[[6atg]] – BbCRASP-2 residues 23-236 + complement factor H<br />
**[[6atg]], [[9f7i]] – BbCRASP-2 residues 23-236 + complement factor H<br />
**[[5y4m]] – BbCRASP-2 DISK domain residues 35-181 <br />
**[[5y4m]] – BbCRASP-2 DISK domain residues 35-181 <br />


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