Pal

spinqualitylabelsall models E. coli pal protein periplasmic domain complex with sulfate (PDB entry 1oap) Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structure Pal (peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein) is a lipoprotein which is anchored in the outer membrane with an approximate length of 173 amino acids in the precursor form. It contains a signal sequence including an LVAC motif, with the flexible, hydrophobic N-terminal tail binding to the inner leaflet of the outer membrane and anchoring it. During translocation, signal peptidase II cleaves the LVAC motif, and the localisation of Pal is dependent on the Lol protein system. Serine, the amino acid at #2 position in the mature protein is a localisation determinant for the position of Pal in the outer membrane. The periplasmic domain of Pal can be seen in the 3D structure 1OAP. Function One of the roles of Pal is thought to be an anchor, linking the outer membrane to the peptidoglycan layer and offering support to this connection. It is also possible that Pal is involved in the translocation of subunits of the surface O-antigens, affecting its structure. Pal is also thought to play a significant role in the process of pathogenesis. The protein is highly immunogenic, which also makes them suitable candidates for the production of vaccines. Interactions of Pal Directed deletion mutagenesis was carried out to investigate the interactions of Pal with different components of the Tol-Pal system: Pal and the peptidoglycan layer - specific residues in the C-terminal domain including S126, G128 and R146 are responsible for the modification of the electric charge, and may be responsible for affecting the peptidoglycan interaction. Pal and TolB - see TolB Pal and TolA - Pal may play a role in the stabilisation of TolA, and that this interaction is essential if the cell integrity is to be maintained.

3D structures of Pal

Updated on 15-April-2026

Tol - EcPal periplasmic domain - Escherichia coli
TolB – EcPal periplasmic domain - integrated
TolA – EcPal periplasmic domain + TolB
9rle, 9rlf, 9rlk, 9rll – EcPal periplasmic domain + LOLC + LOLD + LOLE 2hqs – EcPal + TolB
2gnm, 2gnt - PaPal – Pterocarpus angolensis
1n3o – PaPal + methyl-glucose
1n3p – PaPal + sucrose
1n3q – PaPal + turanose
1q8o, 1q8p, 1q8q, 1q8s, 1qmv, 1ukg, 2ar6, 2arb, 2are, 2arx, 2gn3, 2phr, 2phw, 2phx – PaPal + oligosaccharide
4pwt – YpPal – Yersinia pestis
4r40 – YpPal + TolB
6bwl – Pal – Bacillus thuringiensis
5n2c – BcPal – Burkholderia cenocepcia
5lkw – BcPal + pimelic acid derivative
4b5c – Pal – Burkholderia pseudomallei
8yzn – Pal – Pseudomonas alcaligenes

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