Acid phosphatase: Difference between revisions

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{{STRUCTURE_2b82|  PDB=2b82  | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=E. coli acid phosphatase class B complex with adenosine, phosphate and Mg+2 ion, [[2b82]] }}
<StructureSection load='' size='400' side='right' caption='Antarctic bacterium protein BA42 complex with Ca2+ ions (PDB code [[4oa3]])' scene='71/715464/Cv/1'>
== Function ==


'''Acid phosphatase''' (ACP) is an enzyme which removes phosphate<br /> from other molecules during digestion.  It catalyzes the conversion of orthophosphoric monoester and H<sub>2</sub>O to alcohol and phosphoric acid.  The enzyme is most effective in acidic environment. Prostatic ACP (PSAP) is produced by the prostate. It is found in increased amounts in patients who have prostate<br /> cancer.  Purple ACP (PAP) contain a dinuclear Fe center and their oxidized for in solution maintains a purple color. Histidine ACP (HAP) catalyze the transfer of phosphoryl group using an active-site histidine.
'''Acid phosphatase''' (ACP, EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.1.3.2 3.1.3.2]) is an enzyme which removes phosphate from other molecules during digestion.  It catalyzes the conversion of orthophosphoric monoester and H<sub>2</sub>O to alcohol and phosphoric acid.  The enzyme is most effective in acidic environment, hence its name.<ref>PMID:11950951</ref><br />
*'''Prostatic ACP''' (PSAP) is produced by the prostate<ref>PMID:20645695</ref>.<br />
*'''Purple ACP''' (PAP) or '''tartrate-resistant ACP''' contains a dinuclear Fe center and their oxidized form in solution maintains a purple color<ref>PMID:34402946</ref>. <br />
*'''Histidine ACP''' (HAP) catalyzes the transfer of phosphoryl group using an active-site histidine<ref>PMID:18092946</ref>
*'''N-acetylneuraminic ACP''' is involved in the biosynthesis of N-acetylneuraminate.<br />
*'''Lysophosphatidic ACP''' is involved in signal transduction and storage lipid synthesis<ref>PMID:20045079</ref>.<br />
*'''BA42''' belongs to the TPM protein family from Pfam. The TPM domain family is named after the three founding proteins TLP18.3, Psb32 and MOLO-1. TPM domains have a characteristic fold <scene name='71/715464/Cv/2'>(αβαβαββαα or βαβαββαα)</scene> composed of α helices (3+3<ref>pmid 21908686</ref> or 2+3<ref>pmid 22198206</ref>) flanking four central β strands. The TPM fold has not been found in other protein domains to date. TPM was previously referred to as "DUF477" and "Repair_PSII".


{{TOC limit|limit=2}}
ACP contains 3 classes:<br />
*'''Class A''' is nonspecific and catalyses the dephospho rylation of orthophosphoric monoesters and transphosphorylation<br />.
*'''Class B''' dephosphorylates several phosphoric monsters like 3" and 5'- nucleotides<br />.
*'''Class C''' is nonspecific and does not modify lipids<br />.


== 3D Structures of acid phosphatase ==
In plants, the TPM domain-containing proteins TLP18.3 and Psb32 that have been implicated in the photosystem II (PSII) repair cycle. It may be involved in the regulation of synthesis/degradation of the D1 protein of the PSII core and in the assembly of PSII monomers into dimers in the grana stacks.<ref>pmid 17576201</ref>


[[1qfx]] – ACP – ''Aspergillus niger''<br />
In the model nematode ''C. elegans'', the MOLO-1 protein is an auxiliary subunit that positively modulates the gating of levamisole-sensitive acetylcholine receptors.<ref>pmid 22922783</ref>
[[1dkm]], [[1dkn]] – EcACP (mutant) + Hg – ''Escherichia coli''<br />
[[1dkl]] – EcACP<br />
[[1n8n]] – EcACP-B + Au3<br />
[[1n9k]], [[3cz4]] - EcACP-B + Mg<br />
[[1rmt]] - EcACP-B + adenosine + Mg<br />
[[1rmq]] - EcACP-B + Co + Os<br />
[[1dko]] - EcACP (mutant) + Hg + WO4<BR />
[[2heg]] - EcACP-B + Mg + aspartate-BeF3<br />
[[2hf7]] - EcACP-B + Mg + AlF3<br />
[[1d2t]] - EbACP – ''Escherichia blattae''<br />
[[1iw8]] - EbACP (mutant) <br />
[[1eoi]] – EbACP + MoO4<BR />
[[2akc]] - StACP-A + WO4 - ''Salmonella typhimurium''<br />
[[2p4u]] – mACP1 + phosphate – mouse<br />
[[2gfh]] – mACP acetylneuraminic<br />
[[2i33]] – BaACP-C + Mg – ''Bacillus anthracis''<br />
[[2i34]] - BaACP-C + Mg + WO4<BR />
[[3pct]] – ACP-C – ''Pasteurella multocida''<BR />
[[3et4]], [[3et5]] – HiACP – ''Haemophilus influenzae''<br />


===Acid phosphatase complex with phosphate derivative===
<scene name='71/715464/Cv/4'>1st Ca2+ coordination site</scene>


[[2b82]] - EcACP-B + adenosine + Mg + phosphate<br />
<scene name='71/715464/Cv/6'>2nd Ca2+ coordination site</scene> in Antarctic bacterium protein BA42 (PDB code [[4oa3]]).<ref>PMID:25116514</ref>
[[2b8j]] - EcACP-B + adenosine + Mg + spermine + Au3 + phosphate<br />
[[1rmy]] - EcACP-B + Mg + deoxycytidine + phosphate<br />
[[2g1a]] - EcACP-B + Mg + phosphonic acid derivative<br />
[[1dkp]], [[1dkq]] - EcACP (mutant) + Hg + inositol hexakisphosphate<br />
[[2a96]] – StACP-A + phosphate<br />
[[3ocu]] – HiACP (mutant) + nicotineamide mononucleotide<br />
[[3ocv]], [[3ocw]], [[3ocx]], [[3sf0]] - HiACP (mutant) + AMP<br />
[[3ocy]] - HiACP + phosphate<br />
[[3ocz]] - HiACP + AMP derivative


===Histidine acid phosphatase===
== Disease ==


[[2d1g]] – FtHAP-A + VO4 – ''Francisella tularensis''<br />
PSAP is found in increased amounts in patients who have prostate cancer.
[[2ipb]] - FtHAP-A (mutant) <br />
[[3it0]] - FtHAP-A + phosphate<br />
[[3it1]] - FtHAP-A + tartrate<br />
[[3it2]] - FtHAP-A <br />
[[3it3]] - FtHAP-A (mutant) + 3’- AMP<br />


===Tyrosine acid phosphatase===
== Relevance ==


[[1bvh]] – bYAP – bovine – NMR<br />
PSAP was used as a prostate cancer marker before the develpement of prostate specific antigen (PSA) as one.
[[1pnt]], [[1xww]] – bYAP<br />
[[1z12]] – bYAP + VO4<br />
[[1z13]] – bYAP + MoO4


===Prostate acid phosphatase===
== Structural Highlights ==
<scene name='47/471756/Cv/5'>Hg2+ cation acting as intermolecular bridge</scene> in ''E. coli'' acid phosphatase.<ref>PMID:10655611</ref>


[[1rpa]] – rPSAP + tartaric acid – rat<br />
== 3D Structures of acid phosphatase ==
[[1rpt]] – rPSAP + VO4<BR />
[[Acid phosphatase 3D structures]]
[[2hpa]] – hPSAP + propyl tartramic acid – human<br />
[[1cvi]] – hPSAP<br />
[[2l3h]], [[2l77]], [[2l79]] – hPSAP residues 248-286 - NMR<br />
[[1nd5]], [[1nd6]] – hPSAP + inhibitor
 
===Purple acid phosphatase===
 
[[1kbp]], [[2qfp]], [[2qfr – PvPAP + Fe + Zn – ''Phaseolus vulgaris''<br />
[[3kbp]] - PvPAP + Fe + Zn + WO4<BR />
[[4kbp]] - PvPAP + Fe + Zn + phosphate<br />
[[2qfr]] - PvPAP + Fe + Zn + sulfate<br />
[[1qhw]] - rPAP + Fe + Zn<br />
[[1qfc]] - rPAP + Fe + phosphate<br />
[[1war]] – hPAP + Fe + phosphate<br />
[[2bq8]] - hPAP + Fe + Zn<br />
[[1ute]] – PAP + μ-oxo-diiron – pig<br />
[[1xzw]] - PAP + Fe + Mn + phosphate – sweet potato
 
===Acetylneuraminic acid phosphatase===


[[2gfh]] – mNANP<br />  
</StructureSection>
[[2w4m]] - hNANP


== References ==
<references/>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]
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