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| {{STRUCTURE_1zg1| PDB=1zg1 | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Se-Met ''E. coli'' response regulator NarL complex with DNA and sulfate, [[1zg1]] }}
| | <StructureSection load='1kgs' size='350' side='right' scene='' caption='Se-Met DNA-binding response regulator D complex with thiocyanate, [[1kgs]]'> |
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| '''Response regulators''' (RR) are part of the two-component signal transduction systems which enable bacteria to sense and respond to a wide range of environments. | | '''Response regulators''' (RR) are part of the two-component signal transduction systems which enable bacteria to sense and respond to a wide range of environments. |
| Two-component RR is a complex of histidine kinase (sensor protein SP) and RR. The RR act as phosphorylation-activated switches. Most RR consist of N terminal shich is the signal receiving domain and C terminal which is the DNA-binding domain. RR CheY is a chemotaxis response regulator in bacteria. RR Spo0 is the sporulation response regulator. For details see:<br /> | | Two-component RR is a complex of histidine kinase (sensor protein SP) and RR. The RR act as phosphorylation-activated switches. Most RR consist of N terminal which is the signal receiving domain and C terminal which is the DNA-binding domain (DBD). |
| [[PleD activation]], [[PleD allosteric product inhibition]], [[PleD catalysis]] - PleD.<br />
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| [[PhoP Regulatory Domain]] and [[PhoP-PhoQ]] - PhoP.<br />
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| [[PrrA in Rhodobacter sphaeroides]] - photosynthetic apparatus RR.<br />
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| [[WspR]] - WspR RR.
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| | *'''RR CheY''' is a chemotaxis response regulator in bacteria see [[Chemotaxis protein]].<ref>PMID:14563873</ref>. <br /> |
| | *'''RR Spo0''' is the sporulation response regulator<ref>PMID:12829280</ref>. <br /> |
| | *'''RR PleD''' is required in loss of motility<ref>PMID:7592388</ref>. For details see [[PleD activation]], [[PleD allosteric product inhibition]], [[PleD catalysis]] and [[Response regulator PLED in complex with C-di-GMP]]<br /> |
| | *'''RR PhoP''' is important for survival under conditions of macrophage-induced stress<ref>PMID:21634789</ref>. For details see [[PhoP Regulatory Domain]] and [[PhoP-PhoQ]]<br /> |
| | *'''Photosynthetic apparatus RR''' in ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides'' is involved in the transduction of signals which monitor oxygen levels. <ref>PMID:8955382</ref>. For details see [[PrrA in Rhodobacter sphaeroides]] <br /> |
| | *'''RR WspR''' couples the chemosensory Wsp pathway to the overproduction of acetylated cellulase <ref>PMID:17379708</ref>. For details see [[WspR]].<br /> |
| | *'''Redox RR''' is DNA-sequence specific. It controls transcription as a result of its phosphorylation by a redox sensor<ref>PMID:8405457</ref>. <br /> |
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| {{TOC limit|limit=2}}
| | For '''iron response regulator Irr''' see [[Irr]]. |
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| == 3D Structures of response regulator == | | == 3D Structures of response regulator == |
| | [[Response regulator 3D structure]] |
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| ''Updated December 2011''
| | </StructureSection> |
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| ===Nitrate/nitrite RR===
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| [[1rnl]], [[1a04]] – EcNarL – ''Escherichia coli''<br/ >
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| [[1je8]], [[1zg1]], [[1zg5]] – EcNarL DNA-binding domain + DNA
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| ===Sporulation RR===
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| [[1srr]] – BsSpo0F (mutant) – ''Bacillus subtilis''<br/ >
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| [[1nat]] - BsSpo0F<br/ >
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| [[3q15]] - BsSpo0F + RR aspartate phosphatase<br/ >
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| [[1ixm]] - BsSpo0B<br/ >
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| [[1fc3]] – Spo0A trans-activation domain – ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus''
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| ===DNA-binding RR===
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| [[1kgs]] – TmDrrD – ''Thermotoga maritima''<br/ >
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| [[3nnn]] – TmDrrD receiver domain + BeF3<BR/ >
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| [[1p2f]] – TmDrrB<br/ >
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| [[3nns]] - TmDrrB receiver domain + BeF3<BR/ >
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| [[1nxo]], [[1nxp]], [[1nxs]], [[1nxt]], [[1nxv]], [[1nxw]], [[1nxx]] – SpMicArec receiver domain – ''Streptococcus pneumonia''<br/ >
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| [[2gwr]] - MtMtrA – ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''<br/ >
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| [[2hwv]] – VicR C terminal – ''Enterococcus faecalis''<br/ >
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| [[2qsj]] – LuxR – ''Silicibbacter pomeroyi''<br/ >
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| [[3cnb]], 3eqz]] – MerR receiver domain – ''Colwellia psychrerythraea''<br/ >
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| [[2rnj]] – SaVraR DNA-binding domain – ''Staphylococcus aureus'' – NMR<br/ >
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| [[2zxj]] - SaWalR DNA-binding domain<br/ >
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| [[3q9s]] – DrRR receiver domain – ''Deinococcus radiodurans''<br/ >
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| [[3q9v]] - DrRR C terminal
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| ===Cyanobacterial phytochrome RR===
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| [[1i3c]] – SyRcp1 – ''Synechocystis''<br/ >
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| [[1jlk]] – SyRcp1 + Mn<br/ >
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| [[1k66]] – ToRcpB – ''Tolypothrix''<br/ >
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| [[1k68]] – ToRcpB
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| ===Phosphatase synthesis RR===
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| [[1mvo]] – BsPhoP receiver domain<br/ >
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| [[2jb9]], [[2jba]] – EcPhoB (mutant) <br/ >
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| [[2pmu]] – MtPhoP DNA-binding domain
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| ===Polar differentiation RR===
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| [[1m5t]], [[1m5u]] – CvDivK – ''Caulobacter vibrioides''<br/ >
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| [[1mav]], [[1mb0]], [[1mb3]] – CvDivK + cation
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| ===Photosynthetic apparatus RR===
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| [[1umq]] – PrrA DNA-binding domain – ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides'' – NMR<br/ >
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| [[1ys6]] – MtPrrA <br/ >
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| [[1ys7]] – MtPrrA + Mg
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| ===Redox RR===
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| [[1xhe]] – EcArcA receiver domain <br/ >
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| [[1xhf]] – EcArcA receiver domain + BeF3<BR/ >
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| ===Social motility RR===
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| [[2gkg]], [[2i6f]] – MxFrzS receiver domain – ''Myxococcus xanthus'' <br/ >
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| [[2nt3]], [[2nt4]] - MxFrzS receiver domain (mutant)
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| ===Stalked-cell differentiation RR===
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| [[2v0n]] – CvPleD + GMP + GTP<br/ >
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| [[2wb4]], 1w25]] - CvPleD + GMP
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| ===Hypoxic RR===
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| [[3c3w]] – MtDosR<br/ >
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| [[3c57]] – MtDosR C terminal
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| ===Transcriptional RR===
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| [[2zwm]] – BsYycF receiver domain<br/ >
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| [[3ulq]] – BsComA DNA-binding domain + RR aspartate phosphatase
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| ===Stress RR===
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| [[3n0r]] – CVPhyR
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| ===CheY-like RR===
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| [[3snk]] – RR – ''Mesorhizobium loti''<br/ >
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| [[3cg4]], [[3crn]] - RR receiver domain – ''Methanospirillum hungatei''<br/ >
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| [[3i42]] – RR receiver domain – ''Methylobacter flagellates''<br />
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| [[3bre]] – PaRR – ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa''<br/ >
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| ===Unspecified RR receiver domain===
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| [[2a9o]], [[2a9p]], [[2a9q]] – SpRR + Mn + BeF3<BR/ >
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| [[2a9r]] – SpRR + phosphate + Mg<br/ >
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| [[2pln]] – HP1043 – ''Helicobacter pylori''<br/ >
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| [[2qr3]] – RR – ''Bacteroides fragilis''<br/ >
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| [[2qxy]] – TmRR <br/ >
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| [[2qzj]] – RR – ''Clostridium difficile''<br/ >
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| [[3kht]] – RR – ''Hahella chejuensis''<br/ >
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| [[3c3m]] – RR – ''Methanoculleus marisnigri''<br/ >
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| [[3cz5]] – RR – ''Aurantimonas''<br/ >
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| [[3heb]] - RR – ''Rhodospirillum rubrum''<br/ >
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| [[3lte]] – RR – ''Bermanella marisrubri''<br/ >
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| [[3jte]], [[3lua]] – RR – ''Clostridium thermocellum''
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| ===Unspecified RR===
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| [[1yio]], [[1zn2]] – StyR – ''Pseudomonas fluorescens''<br/ >
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| [[3a0u]], [[3a10]] – TmTrrA + Mg + BeF3<BR/ >
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| [[2qvg]] – RR – ''Legionella pneumophila''<br/ >
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| [[3gl9]] - TmRR<br/ >
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| [[2zay]] – RR – ''Desulfuromonas acetoxidans''<br/ >
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| [[2rdm]] – RR (mutant) – ''Sinorhizobium medicae''<br/ >
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| [[3hdv]] – RR – ''Pseudomonas putida''<br/ >
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| [[3i5a]] – PsWspR – ''Pseudomonas syringae''<br/ >
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| [[3ilh]] – RR – ''Cytophaga hutchinsonii''<br/ >
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| [[3i5b]] – PaWspR GGDEF domain<br/ >
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| [[3i5c]] – PaWspR GGDEF domain/GCN4 leucine zipper<br/ >
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| [[3ljx]] – McMmoQ – ''Methylococcus capsulatus''<br/ >
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| [[3p3q]] – McMmoQ (mutant) <br/ >
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| [[3lsg]] – RR C terminal – ''Fusobacterium nucleatum''<br/ >
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| [[3nhm]] – MxRR<br/ >
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| [[3m6m]] – XcRpfC REC domain + enoyl-CoA hydratase – ''Xanthomonas campestris''<br/ >
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| [[3qyy]] – XcRR GGDEF domain + GMP<br/ >
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| [[3p01]] – RR residues 134-315 – ''Nostoc''<br/ >
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| [[3rqi]] – RR + phosphate + Ca + citrate – ''Burkholderia pseudomallei''<br/ >
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| [[3kto]] – RR - ''Pseudoalteromonas atlantica''
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| ===RR complex with histidine kinase===
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| [[3dge]], 3dgf]] – TmRR + sensor protein<br/ >
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| [[3a0r]] – TmTrrA (mutant) + sensor protein
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| | == References == |
| | <references/> |
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| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |
