Acetylxylan esterase: Difference between revisions

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{{STRUCTURE_3m83|  PDB=3m83  | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Acetylxylan esterase hexamer complex with paraoxon inhibitor, ethylene glycol, acetate and Ca+2 ions, [[3m83]] }}
<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene='48/489290/Cv/5' caption='Acetylxylan esterase hexamer complex with paraoxon inhibitor, ethylene glycol, acetate and Ca+2 ions, [[3m83]]'>


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'''Acetylxylan esterase''' (AXE) catalyzes the deacetylation of xylans and xylo-oligosaccharides.  AXE is involved in the biodegradation of hemicellulose.  AXE hydrolyzes the ester linkages of the acetyl groups in position 2 and/or 3 of xylose moiety of naturally acetylated xylan from hardwood.  AXE is one of the accessory enzymes which are part of the xylanolytic system.  Together with xylanase, β-xylosidase, [[α-arabinofuranosidase and methylglucoronidase, AXE is required for the complete degradation of xylan.  Xylan is the major constituent of hemicellulose which is the second most abundant polysaccharide in plants.


==3D structures of acetylxylan esterase==
'''Acetylxylan esterase''' (AXE) catalyzes the deacetylation of xylans and xylo-oligosaccharides.  AXE is involved in the biodegradation of hemicellulose.  AXE hydrolyzes the ester linkages of the acetyl groups in position 2 and/or 3 of xylose moiety of naturally acetylated xylan from hardwood.  AXE is one of the accessory enzymes which are part of the xylanolytic system.  Together with xylanase, β-xylosidase, α-arabinofuranosidase and methylglucoronidase, AXE is required for the complete degradation of xylan.<ref>PMID:8647098</ref> 
 
== Relevance ==


Solubility of cellulose is critical for the use of this abundant biomass as biofuel.  Xylan is the major constituent of hemicellulose which is the second most abundant polysaccharide in plants.  Several enzymes are needed for making cellulose soluble via complete hydrolysis.  Among those are cellulase, xylanase and AXE.


[[1bs9]], [[2axe]] – PpAXE – ''Penicillium purpurogenum''<br />
== Structural Highlights ==
[[1g66]] – PpAXE II<br />
*<scene name='48/489290/Cv/6'>Acetylxylan esterase with paraoxon inhibitor, ethylene glycol, acetate and Ca+2 ions</scene>.
[[1qoz]] – AXE catalytic domain – ''Trichoderma reesei''<br />
*<scene name='48/489290/Cv/8'>Paraoxon inhibitor binding site</scene> ([[3m83]]). <ref>PMID:22411095</ref>
[[1vlq]], [[3m81]] – TmAXE – ''Thermotoga maritima''<br />
*<scene name='48/489290/Cv/9'>Ca+2 coordination site</scene>. Water molecules are shown as red spheres.
[[3fvr]], [[3fvt]], [[2xlb]] – BpAXE – ''Bacillus pumilus''


'''Acetylxylan esterase binary complex'''
==3D structures of acetylxylan esterase==
[[Acetylxylan esterase 3D structures]]


[[2c71]], [[2c79]] – AXE + metal ion – ''Clostridium thermocellum''<br />
</StructureSection>
[[3fyt]] – BpAXE (mutant) + β-D-xylopyranose<br />
[[3fyu]] – BpAXE + D-xylose<br />
[[2xlc]] – BpAXE + diethyl phosphonate<br />
[[3m83]] – TmAXE + paraoxon inhibitor<br />
[[3m82]] – TmAXE + PMSF inhibitor


== References ==
<references/>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]
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