Tryptophan synthase: Difference between revisions

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{{STRUCTURE_1wbj|  PDB=1wbj  | SIZE=400| SCENE=|right|CAPTION=Tryptophan synthase α subunit (grey) and β subunit (green) of the α2β2 tetramer complex with pyridoxal-phosphate, glycerol-3-phosphate and Na+ ion [[1wbj]]}}
<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Tryptophan synthase α subunit (yellow, salmon) and β subunit (cyan, green) of the α2β2 tetramer complex with pyridoxal-phosphate, glycerol-3-phosphate and Na+ ion (purple) [[1wbj]]' scene='52/525189/Cv/5'>


'''Tryptophan synthase''' (TrpS) is an α2β2 tetramer participating in the biosynthesis of tryptophan.  TrpS α subunit catalyzes the formation of indole and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) from indole-3-glycerol phosphate (IGP).  The β subunit catalyzes in a pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP) dependent reaction the formation of tryptophan (Trp) from indole and serine.  The diffusion of indole from the α to the β subunit is facilitated via a hydrophobic channel connecting the subunits.  TrpS is not found in animals hence it is tested as a possible drug target for tubertculosis, ocular and genital infections, cryptosporidiosis and as herbicide.
== Function ==
'''Tryptophan synthase''' (TrpS) is an α2β2 tetramer participating in the biosynthesis of tryptophan (Trp)<ref>PMID:11893063</ref>.  TrpS '''α subunit''' catalyzes the formation of indole and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) from indole-3-glycerol phosphate (IGP).  The '''β subunit''' catalyzes in a pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP) dependent reaction the formation of tryptophan (Trp) from indole and serine.  The diffusion of indole from the α to the β subunit is facilitated via a hydrophobic channel connecting the subunits.  '''Dimethylallyl tryptophan synthase''' (DMTS) catalyzes the alkylation of Trp by dimethylallyl phosphate to form 4-(γ,γ-dimethylallyl)-Trp<ref>PMID:1605639</ref>.


===3D structures of tryptophan synthase===
== Relevance ==
TrpS is not found in animals hence it is tested as a possible drug target for tuberculosis, ocular and genital infections, cryptosporidiosis and as herbicide<ref>PMID:19430702</ref>.


[[1x1q]] - TtTrpS β subunit – ''Thermus thermophilus''<br />
== Structural highlights ==
[[2dh6]] - EcTrpS β subunit]] - ''Escherichia coli''<br />
The <scene name='52/525189/Cv/6'>active site</scene> of TrpS subunit α contains the catalytic residues Glu and Asp<ref>PMID:16120446</ref>. Water molecules are shown as red spheres.
[[2o2e]], [[2o2j]] - TrpS β subunit – ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''<br />
==3D structures of tryptophan synthase==
[[Tryptophan synthase 3D structures]]


==TrpS binary complex==
</StructureSection>


[[2dh5]] - EcTrpS β subunit + PLP<br />
== References ==
[[1ttp]], [[1ttq]], [[1bks]], [[2wsy]], [[1kfk]] - StTrpS α + β + PLP – ''Salmonella typhimurium''<br />
<references/>
[[1a5a]], [[1k8x]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β + PLP<br />
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[1k7x]], [[2j9z]] - StTrpS α + β (mutant) + PLP<br />
[[2tys]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β (mutant) + Trp derivative<br />
[[1kfe]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β + pyridoxal-serine-monophsphate<br />
[[1kfj]] - StTrpS α + β + pyridoxal-serine-monophsphate<br />
[[2j9y]] - StTrpS α + β (mutant) + enoic acid derivative<br />
[[3pr2]] - StTrpS α + β + inhibitor
 
==TrpS ternary complex with PLP and inhibitor==
 
[[1a50]], [[1cw2]], [[1c9d]], [[1cx9]], [[1c8v]], [[1c29]], [[2cle]], [[2clh]], [[2cli]], [[2clk]], [[2cll]], [[2clm]], [[2clo]], [[2clf]] - StTrpS α + β + inhibitor + PLP<br />
[[1fuy]] - StTrpS α + β (mutant) + inhibitor + PLP<br />
 
==TrpS ternary complex with PLP and IGP derivatives==
 
[[1a5b]], [[1kfb]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β + IGP + PLP<br />
[[1k8z]] - StTrpS α + β (mutant) + IGP derivative + PLP<br />
[[1kfc]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β + IGP derivative + PLP<br />
[[1k3u]], [[1k7e]], [[1k7f]] - StTrpS α + β + IGP derivative + PLP<br />
[[1qoq]], [[2rh9]], [[2rhg]] - StTrpS α + β + IGP + PLP<br />
[[1qop]] - StTrpS α + β + IGP analog + PLP<br />
[[2trs]], [[1beu]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β (mutant) + pyridoxal-serine-monophsphate + IGP analog
 
 
==TrpS ternary complex with PLP and G3P derivatives==
 
[[1wbj]] - StTrpS α + β + G3P + PLP<br />
[[2j9x]] - StTrpS α + β + G3P + acrylic acid derivative<br />
[[1k8y]] - StTrpS α + β (mutant) + G3P derivative + PLP<br />
[[1tjp]] - StTrpS α + β + G3P derivative + PLP<br />
[[2tsy]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β (mutant) + pyridoxal-serine-monophsphate + G3P
 
[[1ubs]] - StTrpS α (mutant) + β (mutant) + serine + PLP<br />
 
==TrpS quaternary complex==
 
[[1a5s]] - StTrpS α + β + serine + inhibitor + PLP<br />
[[3cep]] - StTrpS α + β + G3P + indoline + PLP<br />
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