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[[Image:2pzi.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2pzi" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
caption="2pzi, resolution 2.40&Aring;" />
'''Crystal Structure of Protein kinase PknG from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Complex with Tetrahydrobenzothiophene AX20017'''<br />


==Overview==
==Crystal Structure of Protein kinase PknG from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Complex with Tetrahydrobenzothiophene AX20017==
The pathogenicity of mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis is closely associated with their capacity to survive within host macrophages. A crucial virulence factor for intracellular mycobacterial survival is protein kinase G (PknG), a eukaryotic-like serine/threonine protein kinase expressed by pathogenic mycobacteria that blocks the intracellular degradation of mycobacteria in lysosomes. Inhibition of PknG with the highly selective low-molecular-weight inhibitor AX20017 results in mycobacterial transfer to lysosomes and killing of the mycobacteria. Here, we report the 2.4 A x-ray crystal structure of PknG in complex with AX20017. The unique multidomain topology of PknG reveals a central kinase domain that is flanked by N- and C-terminal rubredoxin and tetratrico-peptide repeat domains, respectively. Directed mutagenesis suggests that the rubredoxin domain functions as a regulator of PknG kinase activity. The structure of PknG-AX20017 further reveals that the inhibitor is buried deep within the adenosine-binding site, targeting an active conformation of the kinase domain. Remarkably, although the topology of the kinase domain is reminiscent of eukaryotic kinases, the AX20017-binding pocket is shaped by a unique set of amino acid side chains that are not found in any human kinase. Directed mutagenesis of the unique set of residues resulted in a drastic loss of the compound's inhibitory potency. Our results explain the specific mode of action of AX20017 and demonstrate that virulence factors highly homologous to host molecules can be successfully targeted to block the proliferation of M. tuberculosis.
<StructureSection load='2pzi' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2pzi]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.40&Aring;' scene=''>
 
== Structural highlights ==
==About this Structure==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2pzi]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2PZI OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2PZI FirstGlance]. <br>
2PZI is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis] with <scene name='pdbligand=CL:'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CD:'>CD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=AXX:'>AXX</scene> and <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:'>GOL</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-specific_serine/threonine_protein_kinase Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.11.1 2.7.11.1] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2PZI OCA].
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.4&#8491;</td></tr>
 
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=AXX:2-[(CYCLOPROPYLCARBONYL)AMINO]-4,5,6,7-TETRAHYDRO-1-BENZOTHIOPHENE-3-CARBOXAMIDE'>AXX</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CD:CADMIUM+ION'>CD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene></td></tr>
==Reference==
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2pzi FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2pzi OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2pzi PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2pzi RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2pzi PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2pzi ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
Structural basis for the specific inhibition of protein kinase G, a virulence factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis., Scherr N, Honnappa S, Kunz G, Mueller P, Jayachandran R, Winkler F, Pieters J, Steinmetz MO, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jul 17;104(29):12151-6. Epub 2007 Jul 6. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=17616581 17616581]
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PKNG_MYCTU PKNG_MYCTU] Phosphorylates GarA. May play a role in metabolic regulation via control of the phosphorylation status of GarA. Plays a crucial role in the survival of mycobacteria within host macrophages, by blocking the intracellular degradation of mycobacteria in lysosomes. Required for intrinsic antibiotic resistance.<ref>PMID:19019160</ref> <ref>PMID:19528288</ref> <ref>PMID:19638631</ref> <ref>PMID:17616581</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/pz/2pzi_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2pzi ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
[[Category: Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
[[Category: Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase]]
[[Category: Honnappa S]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Steinmetz MO]]
[[Category: Honnappa, S.]]
[[Category: Steinmetz, M O.]]
[[Category: AXX]]
[[Category: CD]]
[[Category: CL]]
[[Category: GOL]]
[[Category: atp-recognition]]
[[Category: kinase-inhibitor complex]]
[[Category: rubredoxin fold]]
[[Category: serine/threonine-protein kinase]]
[[Category: tpr domain]]
 
''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 18:34:30 2008''

Latest revision as of 09:13, 21 February 2024

Crystal Structure of Protein kinase PknG from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Complex with Tetrahydrobenzothiophene AX20017

2pzi, resolution 2.40Å

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