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[[Image:2bhw.gif|left|200px]]<br />
<applet load="2bhw" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
caption="2bhw, resolution 2.5&Aring;" />
'''PEA LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX II AT 2.5 ANGSTROM RESOLUTION'''<br />


==Overview==
==PEA LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX II AT 2.5 ANGSTROM RESOLUTION==
The plant light-harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHC-II) collects and, transmits solar energy for photosynthesis in chloroplast membranes and has, essential roles in regulation of photosynthesis and in photoprotection., The 2.5 A structure of pea LHC-II determined by X-ray crystallography of, stacked two-dimensional crystals shows how membranes interact to form, chloroplast grana, and reveals the mutual arrangement of 42 chlorophylls a, and b, 12 carotenoids and six lipids in the LHC-II trimer. Spectral, assignment of individual chlorophylls indicates the flow of energy in the, complex and the mechanism of photoprotection in two close chlorophyll, a-lutein pairs. We propose a simple mechanism for the xanthophyll-related, slow component of nonphotochemical quenching in LHC-II, by ... [[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/pmbin/getpm?15719016 (full description)]]
<StructureSection load='2bhw' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2bhw]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2bhw]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisum_sativum Pisum sativum]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2BHW OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2BHW FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.5&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CLA:CHLOROPHYLL+A'>CLA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DGD:DIGALACTOSYL+DIACYL+GLYCEROL+(DGDG)'>DGD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=LHG:1,2-DIPALMITOYL-PHOSPHATIDYL-GLYCEROLE'>LHG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=LUX:(3R,3R,6S,9R,9R,13R,13S)-4,5-DIDEHYDRO-5,6,7,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,15,15-OCTADECAHYDRO-BETA,BETA-CAROTENE-3,3-DIOL'>LUX</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NEX:(1R,3S)-6-[(5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15Z,17E)-18-[(1R,3S,6S)-3-hydroxy-1,5,5-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-6-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenylidene]-1,5,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane-1,3-diol'>NEX</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=XAT:(3S,5R,6S,3S,5R,6S)-5,6,5,6-DIEPOXY-5,6,5,6-+TETRAHYDRO-BETA,BETA-CAROTENE-3,3-DIOL'>XAT</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2bhw FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2bhw OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2bhw PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2bhw RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2bhw PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2bhw ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CB22_PEA CB22_PEA] The light-harvesting complex (LHC) functions as a light receptor, it captures and delivers excitation energy to photosystems with which it is closely associated.<ref>PMID:2174365</ref>  May channel protons produced in the catalytic Mn center of water oxidation into the thylakoid lumen.<ref>PMID:2174365</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/bh/2bhw_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2bhw ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The plant light-harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHC-II) collects and transmits solar energy for photosynthesis in chloroplast membranes and has essential roles in regulation of photosynthesis and in photoprotection. The 2.5 A structure of pea LHC-II determined by X-ray crystallography of stacked two-dimensional crystals shows how membranes interact to form chloroplast grana, and reveals the mutual arrangement of 42 chlorophylls a and b, 12 carotenoids and six lipids in the LHC-II trimer. Spectral assignment of individual chlorophylls indicates the flow of energy in the complex and the mechanism of photoprotection in two close chlorophyll a-lutein pairs. We propose a simple mechanism for the xanthophyll-related, slow component of nonphotochemical quenching in LHC-II, by which excess energy is transferred to a zeaxanthin replacing violaxanthin in its binding site, and dissipated as heat. Our structure shows the complex in a quenched state, which may be relevant for the rapid, pH-induced component of nonphotochemical quenching.


==About this Structure==
Mechanisms of photoprotection and nonphotochemical quenching in pea light-harvesting complex at 2.5 A resolution.,Standfuss J, Terwisscha van Scheltinga AC, Lamborghini M, Kuhlbrandt W EMBO J. 2005 Mar 9;24(5):919-28. Epub 2005 Feb 17. PMID:15719016<ref>PMID:15719016</ref>
2BHW is a [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein]] structure of sequence from [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisum_sativum Pisum sativum]] with LUX, NEX, XAT, CLA, CHL, LHG and DGD as [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]]. Structure known Active Site: AC1. Full crystallographic information is available from [[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2BHW OCA]].


==Reference==
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
Mechanisms of photoprotection and nonphotochemical quenching in pea light-harvesting complex at 2.5 A resolution., Standfuss J, Terwisscha van Scheltinga AC, Lamborghini M, Kuhlbrandt W, EMBO J. 2005 Mar 9;24(5):919-28. Epub 2005 Feb 17. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=15719016 15719016]
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2bhw" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Pisum sativum]]
[[Category: Pisum sativum]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Kuehlbrandt W]]
[[Category: Kuehlbrandt, W.]]
[[Category: Lamborghini M]]
[[Category: Lamborghini, M.]]
[[Category: Standfuss J]]
[[Category: Scheltinga, A.C.Terwisscha.Van.]]
[[Category: Terwisscha van Scheltinga AC]]
[[Category: Standfuss, J.]]
[[Category: CHL]]
[[Category: CLA]]
[[Category: DGD]]
[[Category: LHG]]
[[Category: LUX]]
[[Category: NEX]]
[[Category: XAT]]
[[Category: chlorophyll]]
[[Category: chloroplast]]
[[Category: chromophore]]
[[Category: lhc-ii]]
[[Category: light-harvesting]]
[[Category: membrane]]
[[Category: membrane protein]]
[[Category: phosphorylation]]
[[Category: photosynthesis]]
[[Category: photosystem i]]
[[Category: photosystem ii]]
[[Category: plastid]]
[[Category: thylakoid]]
[[Category: transit peptide]]
[[Category: transmembrane]]
 
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Retrieved from "https://proteopedia.org/2bhw"