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==Crystal structure of the reduced human Apoptosis inducing factor complexed with NAD==
==Crystal structure of the reduced human Apoptosis inducing factor complexed with NAD==
<StructureSection load='4bur' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4bur]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.88&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='4bur' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4bur]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.88&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4bur]] is a 4 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4BUR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4BUR FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4bur]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4BUR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4BUR FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=FAD:FLAVIN-ADENINE+DINUCLEOTIDE'>FAD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAD:NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE'>NAD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene><br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.88&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4bv6|4bv6]]</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=FAD:FLAVIN-ADENINE+DINUCLEOTIDE'>FAD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAD:NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE'>NAD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4bur FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4bur OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4bur RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4bur PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4bur FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4bur OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4bur PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4bur RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4bur PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4bur ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<table>
</table>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AIFM1_HUMAN AIFM1_HUMAN]] Defects in AIFM1 are the cause of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 6 (COXPD6) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/300816 300816]]. It is a mitochondrial disease resulting in a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by psychomotor delay, hypotonia, areflexia, muscle weakness and wasting.<ref>PMID:20362274</ref> <ref>PMID:22019070</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AIFM1_HUMAN AIFM1_HUMAN] Defects in AIFM1 are the cause of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 6 (COXPD6) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/300816 300816]. It is a mitochondrial disease resulting in a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by psychomotor delay, hypotonia, areflexia, muscle weakness and wasting.<ref>PMID:20362274</ref> <ref>PMID:22019070</ref>  
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AIFM1_HUMAN AIFM1_HUMAN]] Probable oxidoreductase that has a dual role in controlling cellular life and death; during apoptosis, it is translocated from the mitochondria to the nucleus to function as a proapoptotic factor in a caspase-independent pathway, while in normal mitochondria, it functions as an antiapoptotic factor via its oxidoreductase activity. The soluble form (AIFsol) found in the nucleus induces 'parthanatos' i.e. caspase-independent fragmentation of chromosomal DNA. Interacts with EIF3G,and thereby inhibits the EIF3 machinery and protein synthesis, and activates casapse-7 to amplify apoptosis. Plays a critical role in caspase-independent, pyknotic cell death in hydrogen peroxide-exposed cells. Binds to DNA in a sequence-independent manner.<ref>PMID:17094969</ref> <ref>PMID:19418225</ref> <ref>PMID:20362274</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AIFM1_HUMAN AIFM1_HUMAN] Probable oxidoreductase that has a dual role in controlling cellular life and death; during apoptosis, it is translocated from the mitochondria to the nucleus to function as a proapoptotic factor in a caspase-independent pathway, while in normal mitochondria, it functions as an antiapoptotic factor via its oxidoreductase activity. The soluble form (AIFsol) found in the nucleus induces 'parthanatos' i.e. caspase-independent fragmentation of chromosomal DNA. Interacts with EIF3G,and thereby inhibits the EIF3 machinery and protein synthesis, and activates casapse-7 to amplify apoptosis. Plays a critical role in caspase-independent, pyknotic cell death in hydrogen peroxide-exposed cells. Binds to DNA in a sequence-independent manner.<ref>PMID:17094969</ref> <ref>PMID:19418225</ref> <ref>PMID:20362274</ref>  
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4bur" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
==See Also==
*[[Apoptosis-inducing factor|Apoptosis-inducing factor]]
*[[Cell death protein 3D structures|Cell death protein 3D structures]]
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Ferreira, P.]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Herguedas, B.]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Hermoso, J A.]]
[[Category: Ferreira P]]
[[Category: Martinez-Julvez, M.]]
[[Category: Herguedas B]]
[[Category: Medina, M.]]
[[Category: Hermoso JA]]
[[Category: Villanueva, R.]]
[[Category: Martinez-Julvez M]]
[[Category: Apoptosis]]
[[Category: Medina M]]
[[Category: Dna-binding]]
[[Category: Villanueva R]]
[[Category: Flavoprotein]]
[[Category: Mitochondria]]
[[Category: Nuclear chromatinolysis]]
[[Category: Oxidoreductase]]