Sandbox Reserved 1123: Difference between revisions
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Each HIV-1 virus owns a '''conical core capsid''' that encapsulates the ssRNA(+) viral genome and some viral enzymes that are essential for the host infection. This capsid contains '''about 250 hexamers and 12 pentamers of the CA protein''', pentamers are important to generate the curvature of the structure. This capsid is the mature capsid, its formation results in the maturation and disassembly of the immature gag polyproteins (first structural protein products which are encoded by the HIV-1 genome) by viral proteases. CA proteins are organized in '''two domains''': an N-terminal domain ( <scene name='71/719864/Ntd_capsid/1'>NTD </scene>) and a C-terminal domain (<scene name='71/719864/Ctd/2'>CTD </scene>). The mature capsid is formed by the assembly of approximately two-thirds of the mature CA proteins in the viral particle. CA proteins bind together and organize themselves in order to create a '''lattice of hexameric rings''', these rings contain an '''inner ring of six <scene name='71/719864/Ntd_capsid/1'>NTD </scene>s''', surrounded by a '''belt of six <scene name='71/719864/Ctd/2'>CTD </scene>s'''. Then, 12 CA pentamers join the structure, it permits the formation of a closed protein shell. <ref name="C"/> | Each HIV-1 virus owns a '''conical core capsid''' that encapsulates the ssRNA(+) viral genome and some viral enzymes that are essential for the host infection. This capsid contains '''about 250 hexamers and 12 pentamers of the CA protein''', pentamers are important to generate the curvature of the structure. This capsid is the mature capsid, its formation results in the maturation and disassembly of the immature gag polyproteins (first structural protein products which are encoded by the HIV-1 genome) by viral proteases. CA proteins are organized in '''two domains''': an N-terminal domain ( <scene name='71/719864/Ntd_capsid/1'>NTD </scene>) and a C-terminal domain (<scene name='71/719864/Ctd/2'>CTD </scene>). The mature capsid is formed by the assembly of approximately two-thirds of the mature CA proteins in the viral particle. CA proteins bind together and organize themselves in order to create a '''lattice of hexameric rings''', these rings contain an '''inner ring of six <scene name='71/719864/Ntd_capsid/1'>NTD </scene>s''', surrounded by a '''belt of six <scene name='71/719864/Ctd/2'>CTD </scene>s'''. Then, 12 CA pentamers join the structure, it permits the formation of a closed protein shell. <ref name="C"/> | ||
=== Primary structure === | === Primary structure === | ||
CA proteins are composed of '''about 230 residues''' <ref> [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=3H47 PDB File: 3H47] </ref> and as we mentioned above they contain two domains: <scene name='71/719864/Ntd_capsid/1'>NTD </scene> (in green) and <scene name='71/719864/Ctd/2'>CTD </scene> (in yellow). These two domains are linked together thanks to a <scene name='71/719864/Flexible_linker/2'>Flexible linker </scene> (in orange). <ref name="C"/> | CA proteins are composed of '''about 230 residues''' <ref> [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=3H47 PDB File: 3H47] </ref> and as we mentioned above they contain two domains: <scene name='71/719864/Ntd_capsid/1'>NTD </scene> (in green) and <scene name='71/719864/Ctd/2'>CTD </scene> (in yellow). These two domains are linked together thanks to a <scene name='71/719864/Flexible_linker/2'>Flexible linker </scene> (in orange). <ref name="C"/> | ||
[[Image:capsid.jpg]] | |||
=== Tertiary structure === | === Tertiary structure === | ||
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This approach is interesting because, based on structural information, we are able to build such ligands using drug design. However, we are still far away from the "miraculous HIV drug", because the pathway from design to approved drug is not an easy way at all. | This approach is interesting because, based on structural information, we are able to build such ligands using drug design. However, we are still far away from the "miraculous HIV drug", because the pathway from design to approved drug is not an easy way at all. | ||
