Lactoperoxidase: Difference between revisions

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== Function ==

'''Lactoperoxidase''' (LPO) catalyzes the oxidation of thiocyanate, bromide and iodide using hydrogen peroxide. LPO is the second most abundant enzyme in milk. Heme is the cofactor of LPO. LPO contains a strongly-chelated calcium ion<ref>PMID:10837362</ref>.

== Relevance ==

The short-lived oxidized intermediates of the LPO reaction serve as potent bactericidal agents. LPO is used as an antimicrobial agent in milk and its products, in cosmetics, toothpaste and ophthalmic solutions.

The short-lived oxidized intermediates of the LPO reaction serve as potent bactericidal agents<ref>PMID:10837362</ref>. LPO is used as an antimicrobial agent in milk and its products, in cosmetics, toothpaste and ophthalmic solutions.

== Structural highlights ==

The <scene name='48/487283/Cv/6'>peroxidation of thiocyanate catalyzed by LPO occurs at the heme cavity site</scene><ref>PMID:19339248</ref>. Water molecules shown as red spheres. <scene name='48/487283/Cv/7'>Whole active site</scene>.

</StructureSection>

==3D structures of lactoperoxidase==

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**[[2pt3]] - bPLO + phosphate - bovine

**[[2nqx]] – bPLO + I

**[[2nqx]], [[5b72]] – bPLO + I

**[[7dlq]] – bPLO + H2O2

**[[9ku6]] – bPLO + NO2

**[[2r5l]] – gLPO + I – goat

**[[3nak]] – gLPO + formate

**[[~~4ig5~~]], [[~~4qyq~~]] – ~~gLPO~~ + ~~antithyroid agent~~

**[[6ky7]], [[7c73]], [[7c74]], [[7c75]], [[7d52]], [[7dao]], [[7de5]], [[7dmr]] – yPLO + Ca - yak

**[[7c74]] - yLPO + Cl

**[[6l32]], [[6l42]], [[7d52]], [[6l5g]], [[7c75]] - yLPO + Zn

**[[6lqw]], [[7y3u]] – yPLO + H2O2

**[[7c73]] – yPLO + phosphoserine

**[[8s6c]] – PLO - ''Cyanobacterium''

*Lactoperoxidase ternary complex

**[[~~2gj1~~]] ~~– bLPO + carbonate + nitrate ~~

**[[2ips]], [[3eri]], [[3gc1]], [[6a4y]], [[9m0i]], [[6m7e]], [[7dn7]] – bLPO + SCN + I

**[[~~2ips~~]], [[~~3eri~~]], [[~~3gc1~~]] – bLPO + SCN + I

**[[2qrb]] – bLPO + SCN + Cl

**[[3bxi]] – bLPO + SCN + nitrate

**[[9it8]] - bLPO + nitrite + nitrate

**[[4pnx]] - bPLO + bromomethane + I

**[[2pum]] – bPLO + catechol + I

**[[2gj1]] – bLPO + carbonate + nitrate

**[[3krq]] – bLPO + amino-triazole + I

**[[6kmk]] – bPLO + H2O2 + phosphoserine

**[[7dlq]], [[7dn6]] – bPLO + H2O2 + I

**[[2z5z]] – wbPLO + F + I – water buffalo

**[[2o86]] – wbPLO + nitrate + I

**[[3erh]] - wbLPO + SCN + I

**[[7de5]] - yLPO + SCN + I

**[[2ojv]] – gPLO + CN + I

**[[3n8f]] - gLPO + SCN + nitrate

**[[5ff1]] - gLPO + methimazole + nitrate

**[[5hpw]] - gLPO + propyl-thiouracil + nitrate

**[[3niu]] – gLPO + diethylene glycol + phosphate

**[[3rke]] - gPLO + inhibitor + I

**[[2ikc]] – sLPO + carbonate + formate – sheep

**[[2ikc]] – sLPO + carbonate + formate – sheep

**[[7ve3]] - sLPO + hypoiodite + I

*Lactoperoxidase quaternary complex

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**[[3i6n]] - bPLO + isoniazid + SCN + I

**[[4ksz]] - bPLO + cystein + SCN + I

**[[~~3nyh~~]] - bPLO + Br + Cl + SCN + I

**[[5wv3]] - bPLO + oxidosulfanyl-methanamine + Br + I

**[[~~3ogw~~]] - bPLO + indomethacin + SCN + I

**[[7dlq]] - bPLO + Br + Cl + SCN + I

**[[3py4]], [[~~4gn6~~]] - bPLO + paracetamol + SCN + I

**[[7wyj]] - bPLO + indomethacin + SCN + I

**[[~~3q9k~~]] - bPLO + phenyliso-SCN + SCN + I

**[[3py4]], [[6m7e]] - bPLO + paracetamol + SCN + I

**[[~~3ql6~~]] - bPLO + nitro-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide+ SCN + I

**[[7dn6]] - bPLO + phenyliso-SCN + SCN + I

**[[~~3s4f~~]], [[4njb]], [[~~4nt3~~]] - bPLO + pyridine derivative + SCN + I

**[[7dn7]] - bPLO + nitro-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide+ SCN + I

**[[3r4x]], [[~~3tuw~~]] - bPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I

**[[8y9x]], [[4njb]], [[9m0i]] - bPLO + pyridine derivative + SCN + I

**[[3r4x]], [[5zgs]] - bPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I

**[[3r5o]] - bPLO + methoxyphenol + SCN + I

**[[3tgy]] - bPLO + ascorbate + SCN + I

**[[3v6q]] - bPLO + CO + SCN + I

**[[6l9t]] - bLPO + Zn + OSCN + I

**[[5gls]] - bLPO + butyl-triazole + SCN + I

**[[5gh0]] - bLPO + mercaptoimidazole + nitrate + carbonate

**[[2gjm]] - wbPLO + carbonate + SCN + I

**[[3faq]] – wbLPO + CN + SCN + I

**[[3fnl]] - wbPLO + salicylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I

**[[4y55]] - wbLPO + rhodanide + SCN + I

**[[2e9e]] – gPLO + nitrate + carbonate + SCN + CN

**[[2efb]] – gPLO + phosphate + carbonate + SCN + CN

**[[3qf1]] - gPLO + piperazine + SCN + I

**[[~~4ljj~~]] - gPLO + acrylonitrile + SCN + I

**[[8ing]] - gPLO + acrylonitrile + SCN + I

**[[4msf]], [[4oek]] - gPLO + phenol derivative+ SCN + I

**[[2eha]] – gPLO + formate + carbonate + SCN

**[[3r55]], [[~~4n7a~~]] - gPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I

**[[3r55]], [[6lf7]] - gPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I

**[[3sxv]] - gPLO + amitrole + SCN + I

**[[3r5q]] - sPLO +tetrahydrofuran + SCN + I

**[[4qjq]] - gPLO + octopamine + SCN + I

**[[~~4s0y~~]] - ~~bLPO~~ + ~~butyl~~-~~triazole~~ + SCN + I

**[[6lf7]] - gPLO + hypocyanite + SCN + H2O2 + I

**[[~~4y55~~]] ~~- wbLPO~~ + ~~rhodanide~~ + SCN + I

**[[7ve3]] - sPLO +tetrahydrofuran + SCN + I

**[[6ky7]], [[6l2j]] – yPLO + H2O2 + phosphoserine + SCN + I

}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+<StructureSection load='3eri' size='350' side='right' caption='Glycosylated bovine lactoferrin containing heme complex with thiocyanate, I- (purple) and Ca+2 (green) ions  (PDB entry [[3eri]])' scene='48/487283/Cv/1'>
-<StructureSection load='3eri' size='350' side='right' caption='Human α-defensin 1 (PDB entry [[2pm4]])' scene=''>
 == Function ==
 '''Lactoperoxidase''' (LPO) catalyzes the oxidation of thiocyanate, bromide and iodide using hydrogen peroxide.  LPO is the second most abundant enzyme in milk.  Heme is the cofactor of LPO.  LPO contains a strongly-chelated calcium ion<ref>PMID:10837362</ref>.
 == Relevance ==
-The short-lived oxidized intermediates of the LPO reaction serve as potent bactericidal agents.  LPO is used as an antimicrobial agent in milk and its products, in cosmetics, toothpaste and ophthalmic solutions.
+The short-lived oxidized intermediates of the LPO reaction serve as potent bactericidal agents<ref>PMID:10837362</ref>.  LPO is used as an antimicrobial agent in milk and its products, in cosmetics, toothpaste and ophthalmic solutions.
+== Structural highlights ==
+The <scene name='48/487283/Cv/6'>peroxidation of thiocyanate catalyzed by LPO occurs at the heme cavity site</scene><ref>PMID:19339248</ref>. Water molecules shown as red spheres. <scene name='48/487283/Cv/7'>Whole active site</scene>.
+</StructureSection>
 ==3D structures of lactoperoxidase==
@@ Line 15: / Line 18: @@
 **[[2pt3]] - bPLO + phosphate - bovine<br />
-**[[2nqx]] – bPLO + I<br />
+**[[2nqx]], [[5b72]] – bPLO + I<br />
+**[[7dlq]] – bPLO + H2O2<br />
+**[[9ku6]] – bPLO + NO2<br />
 **[[2r5l]] – gLPO + I – goat<br />
 **[[3nak]] – gLPO + formate<br />
-**[[4ig5]], [[4qyq]] – gLPO + antithyroid agent<br />
+**[[6ky7]], [[7c73]], [[7c74]], [[7c75]], [[7d52]], [[7dao]], [[7de5]], [[7dmr]] – yPLO + Ca - yak<br />
+**[[7c74]] - yLPO + Cl <br />
+**[[6l32]], [[6l42]], [[7d52]], [[6l5g]], [[7c75]] - yLPO + Zn <br />
+**[[6lqw]], [[7y3u]] – yPLO + H2O2<br />
+**[[7c73]] – yPLO + phosphoserine<br />
+**[[8s6c]] – PLO - ''Cyanobacterium''<br />
 *Lactoperoxidase ternary complex
-**[[2gj1]] – bLPO + carbonate + nitrate <br />
+**[[2ips]], [[3eri]], [[3gc1]], [[6a4y]], [[9m0i]], [[6m7e]], [[7dn7]] – bLPO + SCN + I<br />
-**[[2ips]], [[3eri]], [[3gc1]] – bLPO + SCN + I<br />
 **[[2qrb]] – bLPO + SCN + Cl<br />
 **[[3bxi]] – bLPO + SCN + nitrate<br />
+**[[9it8]] - bLPO + nitrite + nitrate
 **[[4pnx]] - bPLO + bromomethane + I<br />
 **[[2pum]] – bPLO + catechol + I<br />
-**[[2gj1]] – bLPO + carbonate + nitrate <br />
 **[[3krq]] – bLPO + amino-triazole + I<br />
+**[[6kmk]] – bPLO + H2O2 + phosphoserine<br />
+**[[7dlq]], [[7dn6]] – bPLO + H2O2 + I<br />
 **[[2z5z]] – wbPLO + F + I – water buffalo<br />
 **[[2o86]] – wbPLO + nitrate + I<br />
 **[[3erh]] - wbLPO + SCN + I<br />
+**[[7de5]] - yLPO + SCN + I<br />
 **[[2ojv]] – gPLO + CN + I<br />
 **[[3n8f]] - gLPO + SCN + nitrate<br />
+**[[5ff1]] - gLPO + methimazole + nitrate<br />
+**[[5hpw]] - gLPO + propyl-thiouracil + nitrate<br />
 **[[3niu]] – gLPO + diethylene glycol + phosphate<br />
 **[[3rke]] - gPLO + inhibitor + I<br />
-**[[2ikc]] – sLPO + carbonate + formate – sheep
+**[[2ikc]] – sLPO + carbonate + formate – sheep<br />
+**[[7ve3]] - sLPO + hypoiodite + I<br />
 *Lactoperoxidase quaternary complex
@@ Line 47: / Line 62: @@
 **[[3i6n]] - bPLO + isoniazid + SCN + I<br />
 **[[4ksz]] - bPLO + cystein + SCN + I<br />
-**[[3nyh]] - bPLO + Br + Cl + SCN + I<br />
+**[[5wv3]] - bPLO + oxidosulfanyl-methanamine + Br + I<br />
-**[[3ogw]] - bPLO + indomethacin + SCN + I<br />
+**[[7dlq]] - bPLO + Br + Cl + SCN + I<br />
-**[[3py4]], [[4gn6]] - bPLO + paracetamol + SCN + I<br />
+**[[7wyj]] - bPLO + indomethacin + SCN + I<br />
-**[[3q9k]] - bPLO + phenyliso-SCN + SCN + I<br />
+**[[3py4]], [[6m7e]] - bPLO + paracetamol + SCN + I<br />
-**[[3ql6]] - bPLO + nitro-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide+ SCN + I<br />
+**[[7dn6]] - bPLO + phenyliso-SCN + SCN + I<br />
-**[[3s4f]], [[4njb]], [[4nt3]] - bPLO + pyridine derivative + SCN + I<br />
+**[[7dn7]] - bPLO + nitro-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide+ SCN + I<br />
-**[[3r4x]], [[3tuw]] - bPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
+**[[8y9x]], [[4njb]], [[9m0i]] - bPLO + pyridine derivative + SCN + I<br />
+**[[3r4x]], [[5zgs]] - bPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
 **[[3r5o]] - bPLO + methoxyphenol + SCN + I<br />
 **[[3tgy]] - bPLO + ascorbate + SCN + I<br />
 **[[3v6q]] - bPLO + CO + SCN + I<br />
+**[[6l9t]] - bLPO + Zn + OSCN + I<br />
+**[[5gls]] - bLPO + butyl-triazole + SCN + I<br />
+**[[5gh0]] - bLPO + mercaptoimidazole + nitrate + carbonate<br />
 **[[2gjm]] - wbPLO + carbonate + SCN + I<br />
 **[[3faq]] – wbLPO + CN + SCN + I<br />
 **[[3fnl]] - wbPLO + salicylhydroxamic acid + SCN + I<br />
+**[[4y55]] - wbLPO + rhodanide + SCN + I<br />
 **[[2e9e]] – gPLO + nitrate + carbonate + SCN + CN<br />
 **[[2efb]] – gPLO + phosphate + carbonate + SCN + CN<br />
 **[[3qf1]] - gPLO + piperazine + SCN + I<br />
-**[[4ljj]] - gPLO + acrylonitrile + SCN + I<br />
+**[[8ing]] - gPLO + acrylonitrile + SCN + I<br />
 **[[4msf]], [[4oek]] - gPLO + phenol derivative+ SCN + I<br />
 **[[2eha]] – gPLO + formate + carbonate + SCN<br />
-**[[3r55]], [[4n7a]] - gPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
+**[[3r55]], [[6lf7]] - gPLO + pyrazine derivative + SCN + I<br />
 **[[3sxv]] - gPLO + amitrole + SCN + I<br />
-**[[3r5q]] - sPLO +tetrahydrofuran + SCN + I<br />
 **[[4qjq]] - gPLO + octopamine + SCN + I<br />
-**[[4s0y]] - bLPO + butyl-triazole + SCN + I<br />
+**[[6lf7]] - gPLO + hypocyanite + SCN + H2O2 + I<br />
-**[[4y55]] - wbLPO + rhodanide + SCN + I<br />
+**[[7ve3]] - sPLO +tetrahydrofuran + SCN + I<br />
+**[[6ky7]], [[6l2j]] – yPLO + H2O2 + phosphoserine + SCN + I<br />
 }}

Lactoperoxidase: Difference between revisions

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